Three-dimensional line-scan intensity ratio sensing

Israel Amir; Frank P. Higgins

doi:10.1117/12.57984

1 March 1992 Three-dimensional line-scan intensity ratio sensing

Israel Amir, Frank P. Higgins

Proceedings Volume 1614, Optics, Illumination, and Image Sensing for Machine Vision VI; (1992) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.57984
Event: Robotics '91, 1991, Boston, MA, United States

Abstract

In this paper we describe a new 3-D imaging technique using a line-scan camera. The technique is based on the intensity ratio sensing principle that was first introduced by J. Schwartz in 1983. In this technique a 2-D image of the scene is acquired twice, each time with a different illumination profile. It is shown by Schwartz that if the two light profiles are created by sources emanating from essentially the same direction, the 3-D image of the scene can be reconstructed from the ratio of the gray levels in the two images. The two light profiles can be created, for example, by using a single light source and filters that can be mechanically switched. Though our scheme is based on the same fundamental principle, it is significantly different in its embodiment. Instead of a 2-D camera we use a line-scan camera, and instead of filters we use lines of light to create the illumination gradients. We analyze the new technique and show that it has significant advantages over Schwartz's embodiment mainly in intensity dynamic range and simplicity of calibration. We also describe a line-scan vision system that was used to test the feasibility of this technique and show 3-D images produced by it.

Citation Download Citation

Israel Amir and Frank P. Higgins "Three-dimensional line-scan intensity ratio sensing", Proc. SPIE 1614, Optics, Illumination, and Image Sensing for Machine Vision VI, (1 March 1992); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.57984

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KEYWORDS

Cameras

Calibration

Line scan image sensors

3D image reconstruction

Reflectivity

Imaging systems

Light sources

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