Experimental and theoretical study of stable negative index gratings formed at 193 nm

Liang Dong; W. F. Liu; Laurence Reekie

doi:10.1117/12.264201

23 January 1997 Experimental and theoretical study of stable negative index gratings formed at 193 nm

Liang Dong, W. F. Liu, Laurence Reekie

Proceedings Volume 2998, Photosensitive Optical Materials and Devices; (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.264201
Event: Photonics West '97, 1997, San Jose, CA, United States

Abstract

We have demonstrated fast formation (on the order of 1500 pulses at approximately 1 J/cm²/pulse) of fiber gratings with high negative index modulations (on the order of minus 3 multiplied by 10^-4). These gratings were found to be far more stable than the gratings with positive index modulations formed at the early stage of the grating growth. We have also found that the maximum negative index modulations achieved do not depend on the pulse intensities, although the inverse of the time taken to reach the negative index modulation maximum varies linearly with the pulse intensities. This prompts us to use a three energy level system to model the photosensitivity in the boron-doped germanosilicate fiber. All the necessary parameters of the model can be determined from a single growth measurement of the average index change and the model's prediction fits well the measured index modulation growth. A complex grating decay process is also observed at elevated temperatures as predicted by the three energy level model. The thermal stability of both positive and negative index gratings in a boron-co-doped germanosilicate fiber is characterized at fixed temperatures, so that the stability of such grating can be accessed for any writing fluence.

Citation Download Citation

Liang Dong, W. F. Liu, and Laurence Reekie "Experimental and theoretical study of stable negative index gratings formed at 193 nm", Proc. SPIE 2998, Photosensitive Optical Materials and Devices, (23 January 1997); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.264201

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