Status of use of lunar irradiance for on-orbit calibration

Thomas C. Stone; Hugh H. Kieffer; James M. Anderson

doi:10.1117/12.453450

18 January 2002 Status of use of lunar irradiance for on-orbit calibration

Thomas C. Stone, Hugh H. Kieffer, James M. Anderson

Proceedings Volume 4483, Earth Observing Systems VI; (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.453450
Event: International Symposium on Optical Science and Technology, 2001, San Diego, CA, United States

Abstract

Routine observations of the Moon have been acquired by the Robotic Lunar Observatory (ROLO) for over four years. The ROLO instruments measure lunar radiance in 23 VNIR (Moon diameter approximately 500 pixels) and 9 SWIR (approximately 250 pixels) passbands every month when the Moon is at phase angle less than 90 degrees. These are converted to exoatmospheric values at standard distances using an atmospheric extinction model based on observations of standard stars and a NIST-traceable absolute calibration source. Reduction of the stellar images also provides an independent pathway for absolute calibration. Comparison of stellar-based and lamp-based absolute calibrations of the lunar images currently shows unacceptably large differences. An analytic model of lunar irradiance as a function of phase angle and viewing geometry is derived from the calibrated lunar images. Residuals from models which fit hundreds of observations at each wavelength average less than 2%. Comparison with SeaWiFS observations over three years reveals a small quasi-periodic change in SeaWiFS responsivity that correlates with distance from the Sun for the first two years, then departs from this correlation.

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Thomas C. Stone, Hugh H. Kieffer, and James M. Anderson "Status of use of lunar irradiance for on-orbit calibration", Proc. SPIE 4483, Earth Observing Systems VI, (18 January 2002); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.453450

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