Fibre Optic Laser Doppler Anemometry, The Potential For Measurements In Man.

Walker D. Kilpatrick

doi:10.1117/12.943900

24 October 1984 Fibre Optic Laser Doppler Anemometry, The Potential For Measurements In Man.

Walker D. Kilpatrick

Proceedings Volume 0494, Novel Optical Fiber Techniques for Medical Applications; (1984) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.943900
Event: 28th Annual Technical Symposium, 1984, San Diego, United States

Abstract

Fibre optic laser Doppler anemometry (FOLDA) is a useful technique for in vitro studies but has yet to be used successfully for the measurement of intravascular velocity in man. Some reasons for this are: 1. The difficulty of locating the position of the fibre within the vessel. 2. Lack of knowledge of the precise velocity profile across the vessel. 3. The effects of flow perturbation at the tip of the probe. These problems have been assessed using a FOLDA system developed in our laboratory. Three dimensional velocity profiles of blood flowing in arteries with and without stenoses have been plotted at different rates of flow. The results show that the parabolic profile of fully developed laminar flow is flattened in an arterial stenosis and the degree of flattening increases as flow increases. This means the relationship of the flow and velocity is nonlinear. Any use of FOLDA to assess vessel dimension must take this into account. The position of the fibre in the vessel can only be adequately controlled in in-vitro studies. The region of measurement is only 50 μm diameter and must be at the position of the peak velocity to enable quantitative measurement. Thus the technique is useful in humans only when there is a flat velocity profile such as in the coronary sinus. The relationship between coronary sinus flow and FOLDA velocity is linear in experimental animals. The current FOLDA system has a limited range of projection into the blood stream. The velocity is not linearly related to blood flow when the direction of flow is the same as the projected light, probably due to flow perturbation at the fibre tip. This means that a probe introduced into a coronary artey would not measure linear flow however a probe introduced against the flow could be used to assess the severity of peripheral arterial stenoses. To measure flow across a stenoses before and after angioplasty is possible but requires a method of obtaining an average spatial velocity before it is practicable.

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Walker D. Kilpatrick "Fibre Optic Laser Doppler Anemometry, The Potential For Measurements In Man.", Proc. SPIE 0494, Novel Optical Fiber Techniques for Medical Applications, (24 October 1984); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.943900

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KEYWORDS

Arteries

Velocity measurements

Blood

Fiber optics

Blood circulation

Laser Doppler velocimetry

Optical fibers

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