Macro-sorption of 2,4-dinitrotoluene onto sandy and clay soils

Miguel D. Hernández; Ivonne Santiago; Ingrid Y. Padilla

doi:10.1117/12.665804

18 May 2006 Macro-sorption of 2,4-dinitrotoluene onto sandy and clay soils

Miguel D. Hernández, Ivonne Santiago, Ingrid Y. Padilla

Proceedings Volume 6217, Detection and Remediation Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets XI; 621736 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.665804
Event: Defense and Security Symposium, 2006, Orlando (Kissimmee), Florida, United States

Abstract

Understanding sorption mechanisms of Explosive Related Chemicals (ERCs) in subsurface environments is essential in predicting their fate and transport, since sorption onto the soil may reduce the ERC concentration in the liquid and gas phase, thus affecting its subsequent detection. This project is studying the equilibrium and non-equilibrium sorption of 2,4-Dinitrotoluene (DNT) onto soils under different conditions such as temperature and soil type (sandy soil, clayey soil). The sorption behavior of DNT in tropical soils samples from Isabela, P.R. under saturated conditions is currently being studied at 25±2°C. Kinetic sorption experiments showed that equilibrium was achieved after approximately 30 hours for sand and approximately 12 hours for clay. Equilibrium studies in the range of 2-14 mg/L of DNT followed a Freundlich isotherm. These results demonstrate it is not appropriate to assume a linear relationship between the amount of solute sorbed onto the solid and the concentration of the solute as may not always be the case for concentrations outside a certain range that will be dependent on the type of soil and organic matter content. This might result in under or over estimation of adsorption, and thus the fate and transport and eventual detection of DNT. At low DNT concentrations (less than 6 mg/L for sand and less than 8 mg/L for clay), the isotherms were quasilinear. In this range, a linear adsorption constant, K_d value of 0.0172 L/Kg and 1.46 L/Kg for sand and clay, respectively, showed there was more affinity of the DNT for clay than for sand.

Citation Download Citation

Miguel D. Hernández, Ivonne Santiago, and Ingrid Y. Padilla "Macro-sorption of 2,4-dinitrotoluene onto sandy and clay soils", Proc. SPIE 6217, Detection and Remediation Technologies for Mines and Minelike Targets XI, 621736 (18 May 2006); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.665804

ACCESS THE FULL ARTICLE

INSTITUTIONAL
Select your institution to access the SPIE Digital Library.

SELECT YOUR INSTITUTION

PERSONAL
Sign in with your SPIE account to access your personal subscriptions or to use specific features such as save to my library, sign up for alerts, save searches, etc.

PERSONAL SIGN IN

No SPIE Account? Create one

PURCHASE THIS CONTENT

SUBSCRIBE TO DIGITAL LIBRARY

50 downloads per 1-year subscription

Members: $195

Non-members: $335 ADD TO CART

25 downloads per 1 - year subscription

Members: $145

Non-members: $250 ADD TO CART

PURCHASE SINGLE ARTICLE

Includes PDF, HTML & Video, when available