Fiber optic emerging technologies for detection of hydrogen in space applications

Alex A. Kazemi

doi:10.1117/12.820763

5 May 2009 Fiber optic emerging technologies for detection of hydrogen in space applications

Alex A. Kazemi

Proceedings Volume 7314, Photonics in the Transportation Industry: Auto to Aerospace II; 731406 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.820763
Event: SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing, 2009, Orlando, Florida, United States

Abstract

Hydrogen detection in space application is very challenging; public acceptance of hydrogen fuel would require the integration of a reliable hydrogen safety sensor. For detecting leakage of cryogenic fluids in spaceport facilities, launch vehicle industry and aerospace agencies are currently relying heavily on the bulky mass spectrometers, which fill one or more equipment racks, and weigh several hundred kilograms. Optical hydrogen sensors are intrinsically safe since they produce no arc or spark in an explosive environment caused by the leakage of hydrogen. Safety remains a top priority since leakage of hydrogen in air during production, storage, transfer and distribution creates an explosive atmosphere for concentrations between 4% (v/v) - the lower explosive limit (LEL) and 74.5% (v/v) - the upper explosive limit (UEL) at room temperature and pressure. Being a very small molecule, hydrogen is prone to leakage through seals and micro-cracks. This paper describes the development of fiber optic emerging technologies for detection of hydrogen in space applications. These systems consisted of Micro Mirror, Fiber Bragg grating, Evanescent Optical Fiber and Colorimetric Technology. The paper would discuss the sensor design and performance data under field deployment conditions.

Citation Download Citation

Alex A. Kazemi "Fiber optic emerging technologies for detection of hydrogen in space applications", Proc. SPIE 7314, Photonics in the Transportation Industry: Auto to Aerospace II, 731406 (5 May 2009); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.820763

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KEYWORDS

Hydrogen

Sensors

Palladium

Fiber optics sensors

Fiber optics

Reflectivity

Fiber Bragg gratings

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