The Simons Observatory: the Large Aperture Telescope Receiver (LATR) integration and validation results

Zhilei Xu; Tanay Bhandarkar; Gabriele Coppi; Anna Kofman; John L. Orlowski-Scherer; Ningfeng Zhu; Aamir M. Ali; Kam Arnold; Jason E. Austermann; Steve K. Choi; Jake Connors; Nicholas F. Cothard; Mark Devlin; Simon Dicker; Bradley Dober; Shannon M. Duff; Giulio Fabbian; Nicholas Galitzki; Saianeesh Haridas; Katheleen Harrington; Erin Healy; Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho; Johannes Hubmayr; Jeffrey Iuliano; Jack Lashner; Yaqiong Li; Michele Limon; Brian J. Koopman; Heather McCarrick; Jenna Moore; Federico Nati; Michael D. Niemack; Christian L. Reichardt; Karen Sarmiento; Joseph Seibert; Maximiliano Silva-Feaver; Rita F. Sonka; Suzanne Staggs; Robert J. Thornton; Eve M. Vavagiakis; Michael R. Vissers; Samantha Walker; Yuhan Wang; Edward J. Wollack; Kaiwen Zheng

doi:10.1117/12.2576151

14 December 2020 The Simons Observatory: the Large Aperture Telescope Receiver (LATR) integration and validation results

Zhilei Xu, Tanay Bhandarkar, Gabriele Coppi, Anna Kofman, John L. Orlowski-Scherer, Ningfeng Zhu, Aamir M. Ali, Kam Arnold, Jason E. Austermann, Steve K. Choi, Jake Connors, Nicholas F. Cothard, Mark Devlin, Simon Dicker, Bradley Dober, Shannon M. Duff, Giulio Fabbian, Nicholas Galitzki, Saianeesh Haridas, Katheleen Harrington, Erin Healy, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Johannes Hubmayr, Jeffrey Iuliano, Jack Lashner, Yaqiong Li, Michele Limon, Brian J. Koopman, Heather McCarrick, Jenna Moore, Federico Nati, Michael D. Niemack, Christian L. Reichardt, Karen Sarmiento, Joseph Seibert, Maximiliano Silva-Feaver, Rita F. Sonka, Suzanne Staggs, Robert J. Thornton, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Michael R. Vissers, Samantha Walker, Yuhan Wang, Edward J. Wollack, Kaiwen Zheng

Author Affiliations +

Proceedings Volume 11453, Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy X; 1145315 (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2576151
Event: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, 2020, Online Only

Abstract

The Simons Observatory (SO) will observe the cosmic microwave background (CMB) from Cerro Toco in the Atacama Desert of Chile. The observatory consists of three 0.5m Small Aperture Telescopes (SATs) and one 6m Large Aperture Telescope (LAT), covering six frequency bands centering around 30, 40, 90, 150, 230, and 280 GHz. The SO observations will transform our understanding of our universe by characterizing the properties of the early universe, measuring the number of relativistic species and the mass of neutrinos, improving our understanding of galaxy evolution, and constraining the properties of cosmic reionization.¹ As a critical instrument, the Large Aperture Telescope Receiver (LATR) is designed to cool ~60,000 transition-edge sensors (TES)² to <100mK on a 1.7m diameter focal plane. The unprecedented scale of the LATR drives a complex design.^3-5 In this paper, We will first provide an overview of the LATR design. Integration and validation of the LATR design is discussed in detail, including mechanical strength, optical alignment, and cryogenic performance of the five cryogenic stages (80 K, 40 K, 4 K, 1 K, and 100 mK). We will also discuss the microwave- multiplexing (μMux) readout system implemented in the LATR and demonstrate operation of dark, prototype TES bolometers. The μMux readout technology enables one coaxial loop to read out Ο(10³) TES detectors. Its implementation within the LATR serves as a critical validation for the complex RF chain design. The successful validation of the LATR performance is not only a critical milestone within the Simons Observatory, it also provides a valuable reference for other experiments, e.g. CCAT-prime⁶ and CMB-S4.^{7, 8}

Conference Presentation

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Zhilei Xu, Tanay Bhandarkar, Gabriele Coppi, Anna Kofman, John L. Orlowski-Scherer, Ningfeng Zhu, Aamir M. Ali, Kam Arnold, Jason E. Austermann, Steve K. Choi, Jake Connors, Nicholas F. Cothard, Mark Devlin, Simon Dicker, Bradley Dober, Shannon M. Duff, Giulio Fabbian, Nicholas Galitzki, Saianeesh Haridas, Katheleen Harrington, Erin Healy, Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho, Johannes Hubmayr, Jeffrey Iuliano, Jack Lashner, Yaqiong Li, Michele Limon, Brian J. Koopman, Heather McCarrick, Jenna Moore, Federico Nati, Michael D. Niemack, Christian L. Reichardt, Karen Sarmiento, Joseph Seibert, Maximiliano Silva-Feaver, Rita F. Sonka, Suzanne Staggs, Robert J. Thornton, Eve M. Vavagiakis, Michael R. Vissers, Samantha Walker, Yuhan Wang, Edward J. Wollack, and Kaiwen Zheng "The Simons Observatory: the Large Aperture Telescope Receiver (LATR) integration and validation results", Proc. SPIE 11453, Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy X, 1145315 (14 December 2020); https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2576151

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