An optical fringe analysis is very important in many scientific fields, such as optical metrology, rheology, and Fourier optics. It is proposed to analyze optical fringe patterns, obtained by a diffraction grating and Michelson’s interferometer, by treating them as training datasets for a multiclass classification problem, which is solved by using a support vector machine (SVM). The relation between a decision boundary function obtained by SVM and various optical parameters in the lab coordinate system is derived. The information that is extracted by the SVM algorithm is (1) the orientation angle of straight-line fringes; (2) the location of a smeared diffraction spot; (3) upper bounds on the spot size of each diffracted order; (4) the ratio between laser beam propagation distances; (5) the ratio between the radii of circular fringes of a Michelson’s interferogram; and (6) the orientation of elliptic fringes.