Mr. Bin Yu Profile

Bin Yu

at Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics

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Proceedings Article | 20 November 2012 Paper

Grating imaging scanning lithography for fabrication of large sized grating

Bin Yu, Wei Jia, Changhe Zhou

Proceedings Volume 8564, 856414 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.999474

KEYWORDS: Diffraction gratings, Lithography, Spatial filters, Imaging systems, Fabrication, Laser welding, Fusion energy, Optical components, Telecommunications, Multiplexing

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Diffraction grating is a high-resolution dispersion optical element. It has been widely used as the key component in optical spectroscopy, telecommunication multiplexing and laser systems, etc. Recently there is a growing demand for large-sized diffraction gratings in spectrometers industry, laser fusion facility, and its fabrication method is also a hot topic now. To fabricate large sized gratings, we have developed a grating imaging scanning lithography system. In this technology, the phase grating with jagged edge is used to generate diffractive beams and the spatial filter is used to select ±1 order diffractive beams. Then two-beam interference on the substrate forms the grating fringes. At the same time, a 4f-system is used to form an identical image with clear boundary in the interference area. A high precision twodimensional mobile station, which enables the accurate positioning and move of the substrate, is utilized for complementary cyclical scanning, thus the image stitching errors are effectively eliminated. With this technology, we have fabricated a grating with period of 20μm and size of 100mm×100mm. In this paper the grating imaging scanning lithography procedure is described step by step. The principles and the experimental results are also explained in detail. With the characteristics of a simple structure, high energy utilization and stability, this new lithography technology should be an efficient way to fabricate large sized grating in the future.

Proceedings Article | 20 November 2012 Paper

Modal analysis of a fused-silica three-port beam splitter grating

Wenting Sun, Changhe Zhou, Bin Yu

Proceedings Volume 8564, 856411 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.999421

KEYWORDS: Diffraction gratings, Modal analysis, Diffraction, Interfaces, Beam splitters, Refractive index, Wave propagation, Reflection, Image processing, Polarization

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A new modal analysis based on the simplified mode method and multi-beam interference theory is proposed. Multiple reflection of propagating modes at grating interfaces is considered by introducing equivalent Fresnel coefficients into the diffraction process analysis. Then the proposed modal analysis is applied to design a rectangular-groove fused-silica grating as a three-port beam splitter. The diffraction efficiency expressions are derived in this paper, which are analogous to the results of multi-beam interference of a plane-parallel plate. Dependence of diffraction efficiencies of the transmission 0th and 1st diffractive orders on the groove depth is obtained with optimized grating period and duty cycle. Compared with the simplified mode method, the results based on the proposed modal analysis can match much better with those from rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA), which proves the validity of the new modal analysis method. Moreover, the analysis results give an intuitionistic proof that the ideal 100% diffraction efficiencies of the transmission diffractive orders can’t be realized and the transmission 0th order can’t be cancelled in low-contrast grating. As the effective refractive indices of diffractive orders are introduced into the diffraction process analysis, this modal analysis is all valid under the usual incidence cases of normal incidence, Littrow mounting, and second Bragg angle incidence. More importantly, the proposed modal analysis provides a more accurate physical image of grating diffraction process, which should be a useful analysis tool for high-density grating.

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