Alumina Toughened Zirconia (ATZ) materials are characterized by high strength and high wear resistance, making them ideal for medical applications. On the other hand, several applications require the treatment of the product surface in order to obtain additional functionalities based on micro and nano structures, for instance using laser-based treatments. In this frame, the processability of these materials is strongly affected by different process parameters, such as pulse duration, burst of pulses and laser wavelength. Thus, the aim of this study is to determine the ablation characteristics of sintered alumina toughened zirconia by varying different process parameters such as laser wavelength, laser fluence and number of pulses per burst. In addition, the different features that are produced are reported. The laser treated samples are characterized using confocal microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and changes in the coloration are investigated using optical spectroscopy. Finally, color changes that are induced during the laser treatment could be reverted using a heat treatment in drying oven.
Surface topography modifications are well-established strategies to improve the biological response of biomaterials and their performance and reliability when used as implants. Studies have shown for instance that surface roughening creates a physical anchorage between the implant and bone and improves its primary and long-term stabilization. This study reports on the fabrication of repetitive periodic structures on CoCrMo and AZ91D magnesium alloys using direct laser interference patterning. An infrared ultra-short, pulsed laser, with a wavelength of 1064 nm and 10 ps laser pulses was combined with a two-beam interference optics to produce line-like patterns. Both, the surface topography and chemical modifications are analyzed using confocal microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS). By varying the applied laser fluence and pulse overlap different patterns were produced. In particular, homogeneous structures could be achieved for many used process conditions. The used spatial period was 5 μm, and the structure depth was varied up to 0.85 μm and 2.5 μm, for CoCrMo and AZ91D, respectively. For high energy, sub-micrometric secondary structures, so-called LIPSS, could also be observed. In addition, oxidation effects were confirmed by EDS analysis.
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