An image processing architecture has been developed that executes a concatenated algorithm to determine the presence of multiple fiducial marks on an image plane, locates the estimated position of the fiducial marks in the image, calculates subpixel accuracy of the fiducial mark, and translates the x and y coordinates of the fiducial marks to absolute distance and phase relationships between fiducial marks. The fiducial mark is an object with an outer circular boundary and two inner lines that intersect to provide an object with symmetry. This symmetry is crucial for the requirements of rotation and scaling invariant, specifically for the process of identifying the presence of the fiducial mark in the image plane. Video is used for imagery of the fiducial marks.
The proposed spatial domain watermarking system is based on fuzzy logic and was designed with the intent of embedding watermark features such that they are undetectable to the human visual system. The objective is to manipulate the host image to a maximum that is below the threshold of detection using as a basis the texture and contrast surrounding the insertion subimage. To achieve this objective, the development and design of the watermarking scheme targets three of the five perceptual holes of the human visual system. The resulting watermarking scheme was evaluated using image processing techniques typical of an accidental attack process. The evaluation of the embedded watermark was subjected to a limited sample of human visual system observers. The watermarking scheme demonstrated excellent resiliency to image compression and ability to be implemented in images over a varied range of spectral characteristics.
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