Dr. Donald G. Lewis Profile

Dr. Donald G. Lewis

at Lewis Kohn & Walker LLP

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Proceedings Article | 11 September 2010 Paper

Conductive dendrimers obtained by click chemistry

Donald Lewis, Larissa Krasnova, Philip Skinner, Valery Fokin

Proceedings Volume 7755, 775505 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.860879

KEYWORDS: Dendrimers, Magnesium, Chromatography, Rutherfordium, Silica, Solids, Chemistry, Nanophotonics, Fractal analysis, Polymers

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First generation dendrimers having a high level of size/shape/symmetry homogeneity were fabricated using a synthetic scheme that employs highly quantitative copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reactions in combination with a molecular architecture that favors homogeneity. An "outside-in" or convergent synthetic approach was employed wherein dendrons having Sierpinski triangular fractal architectures were coupled to core structures having D_2h or D_3h point group symmetries to form the desired dendrimers. The individual dendrons consisted of branched-backbone conductive polymers having benzene branch points and 1,2,3-triazole linkages with uninterrupted π-electron cloud overlap throughout. Each dendron was then coupled to a benzene core structure having acetylene substituents by means of a CuAAC reaction so as to extend the uninterrupted π-conjugation from the dendron to the core structure for imparting conductivity throughout the entire dendrimer. The resulting dendrimers maintained the point group symmetry of their core structure, with the core structure serving to electronically couple the dendrons to one another by extension of their uninterrupted π-electron systems. Synthesis of these first generation dendrimers provides a proof of principle for the synthesis of higher generation conductive dendrimers. Since the nanophotonic properties of conductive dendrimers may be dependent, at least in some instances, upon their size, shape, and symmetry, enhancements with respect to their homogeneity may unmask new nanophotonic properties.

Proceedings Article | 21 August 2009 Paper

Apparatus for H2 photosynthesis

Donald Lewis, Michael Otto

Proceedings Volume 7408, 74080W (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.826323

KEYWORDS: Electrodes, Solar cells, Photosynthesis, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Electrons, Interfaces, Solar energy, Water splitting, Oxidation

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An apparatus is described for housing artificial photosynthesis processes. The apparatus is solar powered and employs two separate compartments for the respective oxidation and reduction reactions. A proton exchange membrane (PEM) partitions the two compartments and enables proton conduction therebetween. Faradic losses due to proton currents are minimized by use of a novel geometry. A zigzag design for the solar cell/electrode/PEM partition between the two compartments introduces large fringe fields which help drive proton current from one compartment to the other and reduce faradic losses by shortening the average proton conduction path. Facilitating proton current also improves the pH gradient and enhances water splitting reaction rates. The zigzag design also improves capture of solar flux by shading the PEM under the solar cells.

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