The ability to detect and identify gaseous effluents is a problem that has been pursued with limited success. It has been shown to be
possible using the Invariant algorithm on synthetic hyperspectral
scenes with a strong single gas release. That however, is a very
specific case and leaves room for further investigation. This study
looks at more realistic detection and release scenarios. Our
implementation of the Invariant algorithm uses Singular Value
Decomposition (SVD) to select basis vectors from a subspace of target
gases in conjunction with a Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT) to determine on a pixel by pixel basis how ``like" the target gas each pixel is. The target gases are modeled in the image radiance space including atmospheric effects. Target spectra are modeled in both emission and absorption. This study investigates how well weak plumes are detected. Also, there will be a test of a mixed gas in a strong plume release. Finally, a situation where a weak multiple gas release will be discussed. Synthetic hyperspectral imagery in the long wave infrared region (LWIR) of the electromagnetic spectrum will be the predominate data used in this study. This algorithm has been found to be applicable for these detection and identification scenarios.
The ability to detect and identify effluent gases is, and will continue to be, of great importance. This would not only aid in
the regulation of pollutants but also in treaty enforcement and
monitoring the production of weapons. Considering these applications, finding a way to remotely investigate a gaseous emission is highly desirable. This research utilizes hyperspectral imagery in the infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum to evaluate an invariant method of detecting and identifying gases within a scene. The image is evaluated on a pixel-by-pixel basis and is studied at the subpixel level. A library of target gas spectra is generated using a simple slab radiance model. This results in a more robust description of gas spectra which are representative of real-world observations. This library is the subspace utilized by the
detection and identification algorithms. The subspace will be
evaluated for the set of basis vectors that best span the subspace. The Lee algorithm will be used to determine the set of basis vectors, which implements the Maximum Distance Method (MaxD). A Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test (GLRT) determines whether or not the pixel contains the target. The target can be either a single species or a combination of gases. Synthetically generated scenes will be used for this research. This work evaluates whether the Lee invariant algorithm will be effective in the gas detection and identification problem.
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