Atmospheric aerosols have a significant impact on the earth's environment and climate, directly or indirectly affecting human production and life. The high-precision detection of atmospheric aerosol characteristics plays a fundamental guiding role in systematically studying climate and meteorology. By actively emitting laser light and receiving backscattered signals, the atmospheric parameter profile in the detection direction can be obtained, which gives lidar the advantage of high temporal and spatial resolution. Among the lidars, the high-spectral-resolution lidar (HSRL) has high signal-to-noise ratio, and can realize high-precision day and night observation. It has great scientific potential in studying scientific issues such as aerosol transmission mechanisms, cloud-aerosol interaction process, etc. This paper reports a ground-based HSRL based on iodine molecular absorption cell developed by Zhejiang University. The basic principle and hardware system structure of the HSRL are introduced in the paper. This lidar provides vertical profiles of aerosol scattering ratio together with lidar ratio and particle depolarization ratio at 532 nm. In the field observation experiment carried out in Beijing, the lidar was compared with instruments such as sun photometer and Raman lidar. The field experimental have proved that the observation results of the HSRL developed are in good agreement with the sun photometer, which verifies the accuracy of the HSRL's daytime observations. In the comparative observation experiment with Raman radar, the night data has a high degree of consistency, and the HSRL can obtain a better signal-to-noise ratio in daytime, which verifies the great value of the HSRL in atmospheric detection.
High-spectral-resolution lidar (HSRL) has the advantages of high spatial and temporal resolution, high detection accuracy as well as strong signal-to-noise ratio. However, the stability of emitted laser frequency is crucial for the accuracy of HSRL inversion data. To ensure the data quality of HSRL, we have constructed a compact, low-cost but satisfactory frequency locking system based on an iodine absorption cell and STM32 Microprogrammed Control Unit (MCU). MCU acquires the spectrum transmittance of the iodine cell, and employs the proportional integral differential (PID) algorithm to control the drive current of seed laser; thereby the frequency of the emitted laser is locked to one of the iodine absorption line. According to the experimental results, a considerable frequency standard deviation of 4 MHz is achieved. Furthermore, the performance of this system during HSRL long-term observations is also proved to be stable and reliable
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