Dr. G. Charmaine Gilbreath Profile

Dr. G. Charmaine Gilbreath

CTO at Imaginings43 LLC

SPIE Involvement:

Editor | Author

Publications (109)

Proceedings Article | 8 August 2014 Paper

Object classification using tripod operators

David Bonanno, Frank Pipitone, G. Gilbreath, Kristen Nock, Carlos Font, Chadwick Hawley

Proceedings Volume 9082, 90820C (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2069529

KEYWORDS: Tolerancing, Feature extraction, Clouds, LIDAR, Machine vision, Computer vision technology, 3D image processing, Library classification systems, Binary data, Algorithm development

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Proceedings Article | 8 June 2012 Paper

Enhancing nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) signature detection leveraging interference suppression algorithms

James DeBardelaben, Jeremy Miller, Wilbur Myrick, Joel Miller, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, Blerta Bajramaj

Proceedings Volume 8382, 838206 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.920942

KEYWORDS: Electromagnetic coupling, Receivers, Signal detection, Signal to noise ratio, Magnetism, Antennas, Inductance, Detection and tracking algorithms, Explosives, Data acquisition

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Proceedings Article | 7 May 2012 Paper

Characterization of the atmosphere as a random bit-stream generator

Carlos Font, David Bonanno, Hunter Long, Blerta Bajramaj, G. Charmaine Gilbreath

Proceedings Volume 8382, 83820Q (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.924826

KEYWORDS: Atmospheric turbulence, Turbulence, Interferometers, Sensors, Spatial light modulators, Atmospheric modeling, Phase modulation, Fiber Bragg gratings, Refraction, Atmospheric propagation

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Proceedings Article | 7 May 2012 Paper

Tripod operators for efficient search of point cloud data for known surface shapes

Frank Pipitone, Charmaine Gilbreath, David Bonanno

Proceedings Volume 8382, 83820O (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.924831

KEYWORDS: Clouds, 3D image processing, Surveillance, Data modeling, Weapons, Sensors, Error analysis, Video, Cameras, Software development

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Proceedings Article | 3 May 2012 Paper

Implementation of a phase-only spatial-light modulator for an atmospheric turbulence simulator at the short wavelength infrared regime

Carlos Font, David Bonanno, Hunter Long, Blerta Bajramaj, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, Freddie Santiago, Christopher Wilcox

Proceedings Volume 8373, 83730V (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.918597

KEYWORDS: Spatial light modulators, Atmospheric turbulence, Atmospheric propagation, Short wave infrared radiation, Software development, Point spread functions, Infrared radiation, Analytical research, Wavefront sensors, Atmospheric modeling

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SPIE Journal Paper | 12 March 2012

From Wheatstone to Cameron and beyond: overview in 3-D and 4-D imaging technology

G. Charmaine Gilbreath

OE, Vol. 51, Issue 02, 021102, (March 2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.51.2.021102

KEYWORDS: 3D image processing, Stereoscopy, Imaging technologies, Image restoration, Cameras, Holography, 3D modeling, Mirrors, Surgery, Computing systems

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SPIE Journal Paper | 5 March 2012 Open Access

3-D and 4-D Imaging Techniques and Applications

Charmaine Gilbreath, Lenny Lipton

OE, Vol. 51, Issue 02, 021101, (March 2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.OE.51.2.021101

KEYWORDS: 3D image processing, Stereoscopy, Stereoscopic displays, Cameras, LIDAR, Image restoration, Optical communications, Photonics, 3D applications, Analytical research

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Proceedings Article | 25 May 2011 Paper

Laser communication of FM audio/video signals using InGaAs modulating retro-reflectors

K. Grant, B. Clare, W. Martinsen, K. Mudge, H. Burris, C. Moore, J. Overfield, G. Gilbreath, W. Rabinovich, J. Duperre

Proceedings Volume 8038, 80380K (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.887236

KEYWORDS: Fermium, Frequency modulation, Modulation, Video, Retroreflectors, Modulators, Indium gallium arsenide, Receivers, Laser communications, Atmospheric scintillation

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Proceedings Article | 22 February 2011 Paper

Study on the implementation of spatial light modulator liquid crystal device atmospheric simulator for short wavelength infrared applications

Freddie Santiago, Carlos Font, Christopher Wilcox, Ty Martinez, Stephen Myers, Joseph Duperre, Jonathan Andrews, Sergio Restaino, Charmaine Gilbreath, Don Payne

Proceedings Volume 7923, 79230R (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.875469

KEYWORDS: Spatial light modulators, Point spread functions, Atmospheric turbulence, Turbulence, LCDs, Control systems, Short wave infrared radiation, Optical simulations, Algorithm development, Computer simulations

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Proceedings Article | 10 February 2011 Paper

Study of optical phase change measurement using the Hilbert Transform and interferometric techniques

Joseph Duperre, Carlos Font, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, David Bonanno, Eshani Tarpara, Alexander Golden

Proceedings Volume 7924, 79240B (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.877704

KEYWORDS: Phase measurement, Interferometry, Atmospheric propagation, Spatial light modulators, Signal detection, Atmospheric turbulence, Interferometers, Atmospheric modeling, Fiber Bragg gratings, Optical testing

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Proceedings Article | 4 May 2010 Paper

FM-MRR analog audio transmission through a scintillated channel

Joseph Duperre, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, Carlos Font, Blerta Bajramaj, J. Sebastian Hidalgo

Proceedings Volume 7687, 76870P (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.855449

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Frequency modulation, Fermium, Modulators, Modulation, Analog electronics, Free space optics, Computer simulations, Retroreflectors, Distortion

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Proceedings Article | 4 May 2010 Paper

Long range audio laser communication link in a maritime environment

Kenneth Grant, Harris Burris, Christopher Moore, Wayne Martinsen, James Giesbrecht, Bradley Clare, Kerry Mudge, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, William Rabinovich

Proceedings Volume 7685, 76850J (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.852957

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Frequency modulation, Laser communications, Televisions, Demodulation, Sensors, Receivers, Fermium, Electronic filtering, Image filtering

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Proceedings Article | 15 February 2010 Paper

Free space optical communications research at the U.S. Naval Research Laboratory

W. Rabinovich, C. Moore, H. R. Burris, J. Murphy, M. Suite, R. Mahon, M. Ferraro, P. Goetz, L. Thomas, C. Font, G. C. Gilbreath, B. Xu, S. Binari, K. Hacker, S. Reese, W. Freeman, S. Frawley, E. Saint-Georges, S. Uecke, J. Sender

Proceedings Volume 7587, 758702 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.843682

KEYWORDS: Free space optics, Retroreflectors, Sensors, Receivers, Modulation, Free space optical communications, Atmospheric propagation, Modulators, Video, Eye

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Proceedings Article | 9 May 2009 Paper

Characterization and training of a piezoelectric deformable mirror for operation at 1550 nm

Carlos Font, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, Blerta Bajramaj, David Kim, Freddie Santiago, Ty Martinez, Sergio Restaino

Proceedings Volume 7324, 73240T (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.822522

KEYWORDS: Actuators, Wavefronts, Deformable mirrors, Mirrors, Wavefront sensors, Adaptive optics, Short wave infrared radiation, Interferometers, Matrices, Telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 2 May 2009 Paper

Statistical properties of a short analog RF free-space optical link

F. Bucholtz, H. Burris, C. Moore, C. McDermitt, R. Mahon, M. Suite, J. Michalowicz, G. Gilbreath, W. Rabinovich

Proceedings Volume 7324, 73240D (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.818153

KEYWORDS: Free space optics, Analog electronics, Transmitters, Modulators, Receivers, Photodetectors, Signal to noise ratio, Atmospheric optics, Radio optics, Modulation

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Proceedings Article | 2 May 2009 Paper

Long range analog RF free space optical communication link in a maritime environment

H. Burris, F. Bucholtz, C. Moore, K. Grant, M. Suite, C. McDermitt, B. Clare, R. Mahon, W. Martinsen, M. Ferraro, R. Sawday, B. Xu, C. Font, L. Thomas, K. Mudge, W. Rabinovich, G. Gilbreath, W. Scharpf, E. Saint-Georges, S. Uecke

Proceedings Volume 7324, 73240G (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.819800

KEYWORDS: Frequency modulation, Fermium, Video, Modulation, Free space optics, Signal to noise ratio, Receivers, Analog electronics, Sensors, Modulators

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Proceedings Article | 19 August 2008 Paper

Hybrid free-space optical and radio frequency switching

David Kim, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, Jonathan Doffoh, Carlos Font-Jimenez, Michele Suite

Proceedings Volume 7091, 70910X (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.803633

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Free space optics, Switching, Data transmission, Radio optics, Switches, Hybrid optics, Signal attenuation, Fiber optics tests, Fiber optics

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Proceedings Article | 24 April 2008 Paper

Mirage effects in the marine layer across Chesapeake Bay

Carlos Font, Cheree Armstrong, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, Luke Parchment, Michele Suite, H. Rayvon Burris

Proceedings Volume 6951, 695108 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.800782

KEYWORDS: Ocean optics, Humidity, Atmospheric optics, Data acquisition, Analytical research, Distortion, Refractive index, Receivers, Temperature metrology, Optical properties

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 October 2007

45-Mbit/s cat's-eye modulating retroreflectors

William Rabinovich, Peter Goetz, R. Mahon, Lee Swingen, James Murphy, M. Ferraro, Harris Burris, Christopher Moore, Michele Suite, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, Steven Binari, David Klotzkin

OE, Vol. 46, Issue 10, 104001, (October 2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.2789634

KEYWORDS: Modulators, Retroreflectors, Modulation, Free space optics, Sensors, Atmospheric optics, Receivers, Optical engineering, Free space optical communications, Optical antennas

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Proceedings Article | 25 September 2007 Paper

Demodulation of FM data in free-space optical communication systems using discrete wavelet transformation

Nader Namazi, Ray Burris, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, Michele Suite

Proceedings Volume 6709, 67091L (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.736032

KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, Discrete wavelet transforms, Fermium, Frequency modulation, Wavelets, Scintillation, Free space optics, Free space optical communications, Demodulation, Interference (communication)

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Proceedings Article | 15 May 2007 Paper

Large diameter high-speed InGaAs receivers for free-space lasercom

H. Burris, M. Ferraro, C. Moore, P. Goetz, W. Waters, W. Clark, W. Rabinovich, L. Wasiczko, M. Suite, R. Mahon, J. Murphy, M. Stell, W. Scharpf, G. Gilbreath

Proceedings Volume 6551, 65510P (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.723549

KEYWORDS: Avalanche photodetectors, Receivers, Sensors, Indium gallium arsenide, Optical amplifiers, Transmitters, Analytical research, Atmospheric optics, Free space optics, Single mode fibers

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Proceedings Article | 12 May 2007 Paper

A new marine atmospheric spectrum for laser propagation

Frida Strömqvist Vetelino, Katelyn Grayshan, Cynthia Young, Kenneth Grant, Linda Wasiczko, Harris Burris, Christopher Moore, Rita Mahon, Michele Suite, Charmaine Gilbreath

Proceedings Volume 6551, 65510D (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.720903

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Ocean optics, Oceanography, Receivers, Atmospheric propagation, Turbulence, Atmospheric optics, Laser beam propagation, Optical turbulence, Atmospheric scintillation

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Proceedings Article | 4 May 2007 Paper

Comparing horizontal path Cn2 measurements over 0.6 km in the tropical littoral environment and in the desert

Mark Chang, Carlos Font, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, Eun Oh, Emi Distefano, Sergio Restaino, Christopher Wilcox, Freddie Santiago

Proceedings Volume 6551, 65510I (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.718257

KEYWORDS: Modulation, Turbulence, Environmental sensing, Optical testing, Receivers, Analytical research, Optical turbulence, Laser beam diagnostics, Transmitters, Bismuth

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Proceedings Article | 4 May 2007 Paper

Patching C2n time series data holes using principal component analysis

Mark Chang, Haedeh Nazari, Carlos Font, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, Eun Oh

Proceedings Volume 6551, 65510L (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.724706

KEYWORDS: Principal component analysis, Fractal analysis, Optical turbulence, Reconstruction algorithms, Climatology, Turbulence, Physics, Analytical research, Systems modeling, Visible radiation

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Proceedings Article | 12 February 2007 Paper

Humidity contribution to Cn2 over a 600m pathlength in a tropical marine environment

Mark Chang, Carlos Font, Charmaine Gilbreath, Eun Oh

Proceedings Volume 6457, 64570W (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.717948

KEYWORDS: Fractal analysis, Humidity, Temperature metrology, Ocean optics, Optical turbulence, Turbulence, Receivers, Water, Lanthanum, Atmospheric turbulence

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 February 2007

Analytical approach to the calculation of probability of bit error and optimum thresholds in free-space optical communication

Nader Namazi, Ray Burris, G. Charmaine Gilbreath

OE, Vol. 46, Issue 02, 025007, (February 2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.2709628

KEYWORDS: Free space optics, Error analysis, Binary data, Wavelets, Analytical research, Optical engineering, Free space optical communications, Signal detection, Telecommunications, Digital filtering

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Proceedings Article | 1 September 2006 Paper

45 Mbps cat's eye modulating retro-reflector link over 7 Km

W. Rabinovich, R. Mahon, P. Goetz, L. Swingen, J. Murphy, M. Ferraro, R. Burris, M. Suite, C. Moore, G. Gilbreath, S. Binari

Proceedings Volume 6304, 63040Q (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.688407

KEYWORDS: Eye, Modulators, Modulation, Retroreflectors, Sensors, Free space optics, Receivers, Capacitance, Atmospheric optics, Staring arrays

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Proceedings Article | 1 September 2006 Paper

Demodulation of analog data in free-space optical communication systems using discrete wavelet transformation

Nader Namazi, Kenneth Grant, Ray Burris, Christopher Moore, Rita Mahon, William Rabinovich, G. Charmaine Gilbreath

Proceedings Volume 6304, 630405 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.679062

KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, Discrete wavelet transforms, Wavelets, Analog electronics, Free space optical communications, Free space optics, Demodulation, Data communications, Interference (communication), Scintillation

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Proceedings Article | 29 August 2006 Paper

Multiple quantum well-based modulating retroreflectors for inter- and intra-spacecraft communication

Peter Goetz, William Rabinovich, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, Rita Mahon, Mike Ferraro, Lee Swingen, Robert Walters, Scott Messenger, Linda Wasiczko, James Murphy, N. Glenn Creamer, Harris Burris, Mena Stell, Christopher Moore, Steven Binari, D. Katzer

Proceedings Volume 6308, 63080A (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.694907

KEYWORDS: Modulators, Retroreflectors, Free space optics, Modulation, Eye, Quantum wells, Atmospheric optics, Absorption, Transmitters, Space operations

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Proceedings Article | 12 July 2006 Paper

On the relationship between C_n² and humidity

Carlos Font, Mark P. J. L. Chang, Erick Roura, Eun Oh, Charmaine Gilbreath

Proceedings Volume 6268, 62683D (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.672205

KEYWORDS: Humidity, Transform theory, Signal analyzers, Temperature metrology, Refractive index, Analytical research, Visible radiation, Near infrared, Inspection, Physics

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Proceedings Article | 12 July 2006 Paper

Applying the Hilbert-Huang decomposition to horizontal light propagation C_n² data

Mark Chang, Erick Roura, Carlos Font, Charmaine Gilbreath, Eun Oh

Proceedings Volume 6268, 62683E (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.672280

KEYWORDS: Monte Carlo methods, Turbulence, Signal analyzers, Solar energy, Transmitters, Physics, Analytical research, Optical calibration, Calibration, Geometrical optics

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Proceedings Article | 29 June 2006 Paper

Early type stars as calibrators for ground-based interferometry

Jinmi Yoon, Deane Peterson, Thomas Armstrong, James Clark III, Charmaine Gilbreath, Thomas Pauls, Henrique Schmitt

Proceedings Volume 6268, 626848 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.670309

KEYWORDS: Stars, Visibility, Calibration, Interferometry, Error analysis, Observatories, Michelson interferometers, Prototyping, Interferometers, Atmospheric modeling

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Proceedings Article | 29 June 2006 Paper

Characterization of the NPOI fringe scanning stroke

Anders Jorgensen, Dave Mozurkewich, James Murphy, Marc Sapantaie, J. Thomas Armstrong, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, Robert Hindsley, Thomas Pauls, Henrique Schmitt, Donald Hutter

Proceedings Volume 6268, 62684A (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.672839

KEYWORDS: Metrology, Visibility, Heterodyning, Solids, Interferometers, Laser metrology, Spectrographs, Bragg cells, Polarization, Data acquisition

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We report on the results of an experiment to characterize the fringe scanning stroke on the Navy Prototype Optical Interferometer (NPOI) Fast Delay Line (FDL) strokes. The measurements were carried out during three days April 11-13, 2005 at the NPOI site near Flagstaff, AZ. The NPOI uses a heterodyne metrology laser system in its operations. It consists of a HeNe laser with a 2 MHz heterodyne component generated by an Acousto-Optic Modulator (AOM). One polarization is used as the 2 MHz clock, and the other is sent through the feed system twice and bounces off the piezo stroke modulators. We sampled both signals at 50 MHz, and obtained stroke and cart combined motion at the frequency of the stroke modulated 2 MHz heterodyne signal. By counting zero-crossings in the reference and feed system signals, a rough position (to a wavelength) can be obtained. This can be further refined to the few-nanometer level by measuring the relative phases of the reference and feed system signals. This results in approximately 4000 positions measurements per 2 ms stroke with a precision of approximately 1 nm. We recorded stroke positions for approximately 500 strokes (1 s), for all but one of the six FDLs, under a variety of conditions: different stroke amplitudes, different cart speeds, and different cart positions in the FDLs. We then analyzed these data from a total of 100 tests to understand the deviation of the actual stroke from the ideal stroke. We found that the mean stroke differs from the ideal stroke, and that consecutive strokes differ from each other. We computed the effect of the non-ideal stroke on the science data. A non-ideal stroke results in leakage of fringe power between fringe frequencies. This leakage is not significant during most normal operations of the NPOI. However, when the squared visibilities of baselines on the same spectrograph differ by large amounts (a factor of 10), care should be taken. Ideally, High- and low-visibility baselines should be placed on different spectrographs.

Proceedings Article | 29 June 2006 Paper

Characterization of the optical throughput performance of the Navy Prototype Optical Interferometer (NPOI)

Xiaolei Zhang, J. Thomas Armstrong, James Clark, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, Robert Lucke, Sergio Restaino, David Mozurkewich, James Benson, Donald Hutter, Nat White, Henrique Schmitt, Joshua Walton

Proceedings Volume 6268, 62683V (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.670001

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Spectroscopy, Interferometers, Ocean optics, Beam splitters, Geometrical optics, Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, Prototyping, CCD cameras

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Proceedings Article | 28 June 2006 Paper

Using differential phases in optical interferometry

Henrique Schmitt, Thomas Pauls, Christopher Tycner, J. Thomas Armstrong, James Benson, James Clark, Robert Hindsley, Donald Hutter, Deane Peterson, Anders Jorgensen, David Mozurkewich, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, Robert Zavala

Proceedings Volume 6268, 62683B (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.672396

KEYWORDS: Stars, Calibration, Phase interferometry, Optical interferometry, Observatories, Beryllium, Interferometers, Analytical research, Prototyping, Phase measurement

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Proceedings Article | 27 June 2006 Paper

Coherent integrations, fringe modeling, and bootstrapping with the NPOI

Anders Jorgensen, Dave Mozurkewich, Henrique Schmitt, J. Thomas Armstrong, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, Robert Hindsley, Thomas Pauls, Deane Peterson

Proceedings Volume 6268, 62681H (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.672829

KEYWORDS: Signal to noise ratio, Visibility, Atmospheric modeling, Calibration, Phase measurement, Solids, Stars, Instrument modeling, Data modeling, Interferometers

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Atmospheric turbulence is a major impediment to ground-based optical interferometry. It causes fringes to move on ms time-scales, forcing very short exposures. Because of the semi-random phase shifts, the traditional approach averages exposure power spectra to build signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This incoherent average has two problems: (1) A bias of correlated noise is introduced which must be subtracted. The smaller the visibility/the fainter the target star, the more diffcult bias subtraction becomes. SNR builds only slowly in this case. Unfortunately, these most difficult small visibility baselines contain most of the image information. (2) Baseline phase information is discarded. These are serious challenges to imaging with ground based optical interferometers. But if we were able to determine fringe phase, we could shift and integrate all the short exposures. We would then eliminate the bias problem, improve the SNR, and we would have preserved most of the phase information. This coherent averaging becomes possible with multi-spectral measurements. The group delay presents one option for determining phase. A more accurate approach is to use a time-dependent model of the fringe. For the most interesting low-visibility baselines, the atmospheric phase information can be bootstrapped from phase determinations on high-visibility baselines using the closure relation. The NPOI, with 32 spectral channels and a bootstrapping configuration, is well-suited for these approaches. We will illustrate how the fringe modeling approach works, compare it to the group-delay approach, and show how these approaches can be used to derive bias-free visibility amplitude and phase information. Coherent integration provides the highest signal-to-noise (SNR) improvement precisely in the situations where SNR builds most slowly using incoherent averaging. Coherent integration also produces high-SNR phase measurements which are calibration-free and thus have high real uncertainties as well. In this paper we will show how to coherently integration on NPOI data, and how to use baseline visibilities and calibrate coherently integrated visibility amplitudes.

Proceedings Article | 27 June 2006 Paper

Toward complex visibilities using optical interferometry: multiwavelength phase referencing

Thomas Pauls, Henrique Schmitt, Christopher Tycner, J. Thomas Armstrong, James Benson, James Clark, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, Robert Hindsley, Donald Hutter, Anders Jorgensen

Proceedings Volume 6268, 62680W (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.671881

KEYWORDS: Stars, Visibility, Beryllium, Calibration, Optical interferometry, Interferometers, Phase interferometry, Observatories, Interferometry, Prototyping

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Proceedings Article | 23 June 2006 Paper

The Navy prototype optical interferometer: recent developments since 2004

K. Johnston, J. Benson, D. Hutter, C. Tycner, R. Zavala, N. White, J. Armstrong, T. Pauls, G. Gilbreath, R. Hindsley

Proceedings Volume 6268, 626806 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.673779

KEYWORDS: Stars, Interferometers, Observatories, Prototyping, Beryllium, Spectroscopy, Metrology, Fourier transforms, Analytical research, Calibration

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Proceedings Article | 17 May 2006 Paper

Humidity contribution to the refractive index structure function C²_n.

Carlos Font, Mark Chang, Eun Oh, Charmaine Gilbreath

Proceedings Volume 6215, 621502 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.665892

KEYWORDS: Humidity, Refractive index, Ultraviolet radiation, Analytical research, Receivers, Infrared radiation, Turbulence, Scintillation, Atmospheric propagation, Transmitters

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Proceedings Article | 17 May 2006 Paper

Packet testing in free-space optical communication links over water

M. Suite, H. Burris, C. Moore, M. Stell, L. Wasiczko, W. Freeman, W. Rabinovich, G. C. Gilbreath, W. Scharpf

Proceedings Volume 6215, 621505 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.668128

KEYWORDS: Free space optics, Receivers, Transmitters, Laser optics, Optical amplifiers, Scintillation, Free space optical communications, Error analysis, Clocks, Analytical research

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Proceedings Article | 17 May 2006 Paper

Characterization of the marine atmosphere for free-space optical communication

Linda Wasiczko, Christopher Moore, Harris Burris, Michele Suite, Mena Stell, James Murphy, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, William Rabinovich, William Scharpf

Proceedings Volume 6215, 621501 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.668127

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Transmitters, Receivers, Turbulence, Sensors, Atmospheric propagation, Free space optical communications, Data acquisition, Collimation, Atmospheric optics

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Proceedings Article | 17 May 2006 Paper

Initial measurements of atmospheric parameters in a marine environment

Frida Vetelino, Cynthia Young, Kenneth Grant, Linda Wasiczko, Harris Burris, Christopher Moore, Rita Mahon, Michele Suite, Kerry Corbett, Bradley Clare, Charmaine Gilbreath, William Rabinovich

Proceedings Volume 6215, 621503 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.668026

KEYWORDS: Scintillation, Receivers, Phase modulation, Atmospheric optics, Atmospheric propagation, Ocean optics, Turbulence, Gaussian beams, Atmospheric scintillation, Sensors

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 March 2006

Photovoltaically powered modulating retroreflectors

Robert Walters, James Murphy, William Rabinovich, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, David Wilt, Mark Smith, Michael Krasowski, Phillip Jenkins, D. Scheiman, Jeffrey Warner, Scott Messenger, Justin Lorentzen, Geoffrey Summers

OE, Vol. 45, Issue 03, 034003, (March 2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.2182127

KEYWORDS: Photovoltaics, Modulation, Retroreflectors, Sensors, Solar cells, Absorption, Photography, Binary data, Optical engineering, Telecommunications

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 January 2006

Synchronization and detection of binary data in free-space optical communication systems using Haar wavelet transformation

Nader Namazi, Harris Burris, Charles Conner, G. Charmaine Gilbreath

OE, Vol. 45, Issue 01, 015001, (January 2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.2162029

KEYWORDS: Binary data, Free space optics, Wavelets, Optical engineering, Telecommunications, Data communications, Bandpass filters, Electronic filtering, Optical filters, Modulation

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 October 2005

Experimental results of a MEMS-based adaptive optics system

Sergio Restaino, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, Don Payne, Jonathan Andrews

JM3, Vol. 4, Issue 04, 041504, (October 2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.2120487

KEYWORDS: Adaptive optics, Microelectromechanical systems, Wavefront sensors, Scintillation, Telescopes, Imaging systems, Cameras, Analytical research, Astronomy, Surveillance

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Proceedings Article | 13 September 2005 Paper

Steering compensation for strong vertical refraction gradients in a long-distance free-space optical laser communication link over water

M. Suite, C. Moore, H. Burris, L. Wasiczko, M. Stell, W. Rabinovich, W. Scharpf, G. Gilbreath

Proceedings Volume 5892, 58921T (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.622394

KEYWORDS: Free space optics, Refraction, Sensors, Turbulence, Laser optics, Receivers, Water, Laser communications, Fiber lasers, Analytical research

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Proceedings Article | 13 September 2005 Paper

Progress in laser propagation in a maritime environment at the Naval Research Laboratory

G. Gilbreath, W. Rabinovich, C. Moore, H. Burris, R. Mahon, K. Grant, P. Goetz, J. Murphy, M. Suite, M. Stell, M. Swingen, L. Wasiczko, S. Restaino, Christopher Wilcox, J. Andrews, W. Scharpf

Proceedings Volume 5892, 58921V (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.633390

KEYWORDS: Atmospheric propagation, Modulation, Free space, Retroreflectors, Sensors, Analytical research, Laser beam propagation, Free space optics, Eye, Signal detection

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Proceedings Article | 13 September 2005 Paper

FM-MRR analog audio system

J. Murphy, G. C. Gilbreath, W. Rabinovich, M. Sepantaie, P. Goetz

Proceedings Volume 5892, 58921X (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.639991

KEYWORDS: Frequency modulation, Fermium, Modulation, Analog electronics, Sensors, Receivers, Free space optics, Amplitude modulation, Free space, Transmitters

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Proceedings Article | 13 September 2005 Paper

Optical communication and navigation for spacecraft docking using modulating retroreflectors

Linda Wasiczko, Harris Burris, N. Glenn Creamer, Rita Mahon, Christopher Moore, Lee Swingen, James Murphy, Mena Stell, Brad Pinney, Peter Goetz, William Scharpf, William Rabinovich, G. Charmaine Gilbreath

Proceedings Volume 5892, 58920E (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.621747

KEYWORDS: Ranging, Space operations, Modulation, Retroreflectors, Modulators, Optical communications, Sensors, Video, Navigation systems, Video compression

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Proceedings Article | 13 September 2005 Paper

Laboratory implementation of an adaptive thresholding system for free-space optical communication receivers with signal dependent noise

H. Burris, C. Moore, L. Swingen, L. Wasiczko, R. Mahon, M. Stell, M. Suite, W. Rabinovich, J. Murphy, G. Gilbreath, W. Scharpf

Proceedings Volume 5892, 58920W (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.622298

KEYWORDS: Receivers, Avalanche photodetectors, Interference (communication), Sensors, Ionization, Optical amplifiers, PIN photodiodes, Telecommunications, Free space optics, Signal detection

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Proceedings Article | 13 September 2005 Paper

Overview of NRL's maritime laser communication test facility

Christopher Moore, Harris Burris, William Rabinovich, Linda Wasiczko, Michele Suite, Lee Swingen, Rita Mahon, Mena Stell, G. Gilbreath, William Scharpf

Proceedings Volume 5892, 589206 (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.622252

KEYWORDS: Receivers, Turbulence, Transmitters, Laser communications, Multimode fibers, Sensors, Telecommunications, Optical amplifiers, Laser systems engineering, Retroreflectors

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Proceedings Article | 31 August 2005 Paper

Analytical approach to calculation of probability of bit error and optimum threshholds in free-space optical communication

Nader Namazi, Ray Burris, G. Charmaine Gilbreath

Proceedings Volume 5892, 58920T (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.619236

KEYWORDS: Free space optics, Binary data, Error analysis, Wavelets, Free space optical communications, Analytical research, Telecommunications, Digital filtering, Electronic filtering, Modulation

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Proceedings Article | 31 August 2005 Paper

Receiver performance characterization for modulating retro-reflector atmospheric optical links with pulsed lasers and optical pre-amplifiers

F. Davidson, P. Nigon, G. Gilbreath, W. Rabinovich

Proceedings Volume 5892, 58920F (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.618345

KEYWORDS: Receivers, Optical amplifiers, Atmospheric optics, Turbulence, Photons, Interference (communication), Modulation, Atmospheric turbulence, Surface plasmons, Laser optics

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Proceedings Article | 25 May 2005 Paper

Latest results from the 32 km maritime lasercom link at the Naval Research Laboratory, Chesapeake Bay Lasercom Test Facility

H. Burris, C. Moore, L. Swingen, M. Vilcheck, D. Tulchinsky, R. Mahon, L. Wasiczko, M. Stell, M. Suite, M. Davis, S. Moore, W. Rabinovich, J. Murphy, G. Gilbreath, W. Scharpf

Proceedings Volume 5793, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.606030

KEYWORDS: Receivers, Video, Transmitters, Free space optics, Optical amplifiers, Multimode fibers, Single mode fibers, Sensors, Indium gallium arsenide, Analytical research

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Proceedings Article | 25 May 2005 Paper

Atmospheric turbulence studies of a 16 km maritime path

Christopher Moore, Harris Burris, Mena Stell, Linda Wasiczko, Michele Suite, Rita Mahon, William Rabinovich, G. Gilbreath, William Scharpf

Proceedings Volume 5793, (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.606019

KEYWORDS: Receivers, Charge-coupled devices, Turbulence, Atmospheric turbulence, Retroreflectors, Atmospheric optics, Sensors, Transmitters, Video, Telescopes

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 May 2005

Free-space optical communications link at 1550 nm using multiple-quantum-well modulating retroreflectors in a marine environment

William Rabinovich, Rita Mahon, Harris Burris, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, Peter Goetz, Christopher Moore, M. Stell, Michael Vilcheck, Jennifer Witkowsky, Lee Swingen, Michelle Suite, Eun Oh, J. Koplow

OE, Vol. 44, Issue 05, 056001, (May 2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.1906230

KEYWORDS: Modulators, Modulation, Retroreflectors, Scintillation, Free space optical communications, Receivers, Ocean optics, Optical engineering, Video, Turbulence

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SPIE Journal Paper | 1 November 2004

Measurements of intensity scintillations and probability density functions of retroreflected broadband 980-nm laser light in atmospheric turbulence

Frederic Davidson, Stephane Bucaille, G. Charmaine Gilbreath, Eun Oh

OE, Vol. 43, Issue 11, (November 2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.10.1117/1.1795259

KEYWORDS: Retroreflectors, Receivers, Scintillation, Atmospheric turbulence, Atmospheric propagation, Spatial coherence, Atmospheric optics, Coherence (optics), Turbulence, Beam splitters

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