Astrocytes play a critical role in regulating brain physiology at ionic, synaptic and whole-organ level. Their function is mainly controlled by ionic signalings, in particular Ca2+ signaling, that mediate cell-cell communication. Infrared pulsed stimulation is a label-free tool that has been previously used to modulate neuronal firing. Here we present the use of infrared pulsed light to stimulate ionic astrocytic signaling in order to modulate astroglial physiology. We present infrared pulsed stimulation as a powerful technique to understand astrocytic function and dysfunction.
We have shown previously that astrocytes are independently sensitive to IR exposure in the context of infrared neural stimulation (INS). More recently, our advances have identified some physiological basis of astrocytic sensitivity to INS. Single pulse INS evokes intracellular calcium signaling primarily mediated through inositol-triphosphate receptor (IP¬3R) activation, rather than thermally sensitive transient receptor protein (TRP) pathways. Interestingly, different dosing strategies for IR appear to evoke different physiology. Our findings suggest that tailoring irradiation parameters with INS may be used for preferentially drive separate physiological responses in astrocytes, and possibly other cell types.
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