DSAL (Differential synthetic aperture ladar) eliminates the phase disturbance caused by atmospheric turbulence and mechanical trembling based on hardware structures. With proper hardware settings, DSAL can effectively reconstruct the phase history data without phase error, making them promising applications in far-distance ladar imaging. However, the final image quality is reduced when the field of view between the right sub-aperture and left sub-aperture at adjacent azimuth sampling position mismatches. In this paper, we derive an analytical modal for the DSAL imaging process with sub-aperture field of view mismatching and simulate the process with three targets. We introduce a factor to characterize the field of view mismatching and simulate the reconstructed image quality under different values. The results show that in practical applications, we should avoid the sub-aperture field of view mismatching, e.g., by controlling the azimuth sampling interval setting and improving stability of the ladar platform, making full use of DSAL’s advantages in far-distance ladar imaging.
GaN-based multiple quantum well (MQW) light emitting diodes (LEDs) are promising to replace the conventional incandescent and fluorescent lamps due to recent improvements in material quality and device .Blue InGaN/GaN multiple quantum well light-emitting diodes with the conventional AlGaN and AlGaN-GaN-AlGaN (AGA) and many other novel structure electron blocking layer(EBL) are numerically investigated. When either AlGaN layer of a AGA EBL is inserted by a GaN layer leading to a multilayered structure, the simulation results show the Fermi level and energy gap of the EBL make a remarkable difference owing to the changed structure and the device with the new structure creates much higher output power as compared to those with conventional structure and AGA structure due to the enhancement of the electron confinement and improvement of the hole
KEYWORDS: LIDAR, Image enhancement, Image processing, Signal detection, Transmitters, Receivers, Signal processing, Telescopes, Oscillators, Digital signal processing
Enhanced self-heterodyne synthetic aperture imaging ladar (SAIL) is based on the down-looking SAIL, with a transmitter of two coaxial polarization-orthogonal beams of spatial parabolic phase difference and a receiver of heterodyne detection. Enhanced self-heterodyne SAIL has the capability to eliminate the influence from the atmospheric turbulence, has a high advantage in the detection of weak signals. However, the relative movement of target and lidar platform will generate ghost image in enhanced self-heterodyne SAIL. The image process of ghost image is mathematically detailed and simulated, the results image as the theoretical analysis. The enhanced self-heterodyne SAIL is necessarily work in spotlight mode in order to eliminate ghost image for far-distance lidar imaging.
The performance of satellite-to-ground downlink optical communications over Gamma-Gamma distributed atmospheric turbulence are discussed for a direct detection differential phase shift keying system with spatial diversity, which combines the beam coherently before demodulation. Bit-error rate (BER) performances for various numbers of apertures are analyzed and compared for different zenith angle. We also consider the effect of the fiber coupling efficiency and loss ratio of beam coupler to the final BER. The results of numerical simulation shows that the advantage increases with the number of aperture. All the numerical results are verified by Monte-Carlo simulations.
In the field of intersatellite laser communication, there are two high-sensitivity demodulation methods: binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) coherent detection and differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) coherent detection. After taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of BPSK and DPSK, a DPSK heterodyne coherent detection scheme with local oscillation enhancement is proposed. The structure and the principles of this detection system are described, and the theoretical deduction is presented. Moreover, an experimental setup was constructed to test the proposed detection scheme. The offline processing procedure and results are presented. This scheme has potential applications in high-speed intersatellite laser communication.
Laser beam's acquisition, pointing and tracking are crucial technologies of free space optical communication. Fine tracking
system is an important component of APT (acquisition, pointing and tracking) system. Traditional fine tracking system
use CCD or quadrant detector as the position detector of signal light. In order to simplify the system and improve accuracy,
we propose a fine tracking system based on fiber nutation which don’t need a position detector and theoretically prove that
the system is feasible. Meanwhile corresponding fine track system was built, experiment on position detection of the fine
tracking system is done.
The method to realize the integration of laser communication and ranging is proposed in this paper. In the transmitter of two places, the ranging codes with uniqueness, good autocorrelation and cross-correlation properties are embed in the communication data and the encoded with the communication data to realize serial communication. And then the encoded data are modulated and send to each other, which can realize high speed two one-way laser communication. At the receiver, we can get the received ranging code after the demodulation, decoding and clock recovery. The received ranging codes and the local ranging codes do the autocorrelation to get a roughly range, while the phase difference between the local clock and the recovery clock to achieve the precision of the distance.
This paper proposes a new method for variable rate DPSK in the satellite-to-ground laser communication. Compared to
the general method, this method doesn’t need to change the original communication rate, reduces the complexity of the
system. In theory, SNR can improve above 3 dB when rate into half. We construct a simplified experimental apparatus to
verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The experimental devices and results are presented. Offline processing
results are very similar to theory, is superior to the traditional means. The further study about doppler effect and clock
synchronization is being conducted.
In the field of satellite communication, space laser communication technology is famous for its high communication rate,
good confidentiality, small size, low power consumption and so on. The design of coherent optical communication
detection device based on modified balanced optical phase-locked loop (OPLL) is presented in the paper. It combined by
local oscillator beam, modulator, voltage controlled oscillator, signal beam, optical filter, 180 degree hybrid, balanced
detector, loop filter and signal receiver. Local oscillator beam and voltage controlled oscillator trace the phase variation of
signal beam simultaneously. That taking the advantage of voltage controlled oscillator which responses sensitively and
tunable local oscillator laser source with large tuning range can trace the phase variation of signal beam rapidly and achieve
phase locking. The demand of the phase deviation is very low, and the system is easy to adjust. When the transmitter
transmits the binary phase shift keying (BPSK) signal, the receiver can demodulate the baseband signal quickly, which has
important significance for the free space coherent laser communication.
A structure similar to the direct detection of the DPSK signals using polarization dependent free space Mach-Zehnder interferometer is set up to validate its ability for coherent ranging. M sequence is adopted for its superior performance in code compression. The resultant signal voltage is sampled instead of being zero crossing detected and cross-correlated with the modulation signal sampled at the same rate. The ranging peak appears in the one target setup after proper calibration of the interferometric bias point but doesn’t imply any correct range information. For the two range resolved targets, the output image doesn’t depict two independent peaks. The further study is being conducted.
Large field of view of the coherent receiver requires large detector photosurface area, but with the increase of detector photosurface area, the SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) of the coherent receiver will decline. A balanced photodetection with large photosurface APD can not only increase the angular field of view, and can guarantee the detection sensitivity, which satisfy the coherent receiver’s requirements. An experimental measurement of a balanced APD photodetection is reported.
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