In the framework of MONIDRI (Development of DSS on water use monitoring and optimisation, based on the integration of calculation and evaluation models) research project (financed on the basis of Italian research Ministry strategic program), two Airborne remote sensing sensors have been experimented.
The Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) allows to a very accurate crop recognition. This is specially required in crop water requirements (CWR) calculation, that could change between different varieties of the same cultivation. A significant results has been obtained in Abruzzo region, where the use of CASI allows to recognise different vineyards varieties (red and white). Thanks to the use of this platform it's possible to define clusters of crops with similar WR and spectral firm. These clusters could be used in LANDSAT TM image processing for agricultural water use monitoring.
The ALTM1210 (Airborne laser altimeter) allows to produce DEM with extraordinary geometric accuracy (elevation points each 20 cm). In two case studies the ALTM has been utilised to produce DEM with 3 m of geometric resolution. This data have been integrated to a soil erosion calculation model to simulate the future volume losses of artificial lakes for irrigation. The other ALTM application consists of the integrated use of DEM with LANDSAT TM to monitor the seasonal level and surface of irrigation lakes, and to estimate the available volumes on the basis of surfaces/volumes diagrams, according to the lake project data.
INEA has developed a study, based on remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) technologies, on the changes in land use, vegetation conditions and crop water requirements after the realisation of a tunnel in the Apennine. In fact, this tunnel has significant effects on the drainage of superficial and underground waters. The diachronic NDVI and land use analysis in 1992 and 2001 (before and after the tunnel realisation) show significant negative changes in vegetation index, and certain vulnerability of some agricultural surfaces. For a better estimation of the influence of water drainage on NDVI and to establish the exact correlation between the changes in vegetation index and lower levels of humidity in soils and in vegetation, the NDVI analysis was made on clusters of pixel corresponding to each zone of water drainage/gallery. For each drainage zone the drained volumes of water were also related to the total crop water requirements. To complete the analysis and to isolate the effects due to the gallery from a generalised reduction of NDVI in the area, an examination of the differences of the index between 1992 and 2001 in both areas (influenced and not by the gallery) was made.
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