Mr. Ronald Karfelt Profile

Ronald Karfelt

General Manager at MACOM

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Proceedings Article | 3 March 2006 Paper

A scaleable optical interconnect for low-latency cell switching in high-performance computing systems

Michael Sauer, Roe Hemenway, Richard Grzybowski, David Peters, Jason Dickens, Ron Karfelt

Proceedings Volume 6124, 61240N (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.659731

KEYWORDS: Switches, Receivers, Switching, Optical amplifiers, Optical switching, Computing systems, Multiplexing, Eye, Control systems, Optical design

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An optical cell switch for interconnecting massively parallel nodes offers the potential for reduction in size, power consumption, and cost of high-performance computing (HPC) interconnects. We designed an architecture based on a broadcast and select approach that is highly flexible in terms of supported ports and can easily scale from a 16x16 to a 2048x2048 port switch by exploiting both wavelength multiplexing and fiber multiplexing. The optical system is designed for 40 Gb/s operation, but the full 160 Gb/s switching likely required of a commercial system can be supported by this architecture. At the core of the switch is an array of semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs), which provide fast switching (~1 ns), high extinction ratio (>40 dB) for cross-talk reduction, and optical gain (15 dB typical). The full optical switch consists of a 2-stage broadcast and select design for fiber select and color select, leading to a bufferless low-latency crossbar cell switch. A switch system demonstrator with 8 full optical paths has been implemented and used for performance characterization. A fast 40 Gb/s cell receiver was developed and proven to support up to 9 dB dynamic range. System demonstration measurements have shown that a raw BER of 10-15 is achievable. Optical cross-talk is negligible and does not degrade the system performance. The system design and verification experiments demonstrate that a scaleable 40 Gb/s switch for massively parallel systems is feasible and offers the potential for significant size, power consumption, and cost reduction by applying the scalability of an optical solution to a HPC system.

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