Cardiomyocyte Ca2+ overload is known to disrupt cardiac excitation/conduction; however, unknown is how large area of Ca2+-overloaded myocardium is required to provoke such abnormalities. We sought to visualize patterns of excitation/conduction in a cardiomyocyte monolayer before and after localized flash photolysis of caged Ca2+. Under electrical stimulation at 2-5 Hz and Fluo8 fluorescence imaging, the monolayer exhibited spatiotemporally uniform propagation of Ca2+ transients. Upon UV-light flash (365nm, 70mW/cm^2, 20-250mm^2) the monolayer exhibited increases in Ca2+-transient amplitude with occasional emergence of automatic excitation and/or conduction delay on the flashed area. This experimental approach may provide deeper insights into understanding cardiac arrhythmias.
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