We present a compact binocular head-up display for integration in a motorcycle helmet. A 2D MEMS-mirror reflecting laser beams enables the formation of a bright image superimposed on the user vision by means of retinal scanning. A 3d-printed prototype including the required optical components is presented and characterized. It fits the morphology of most users thanks to several degrees of freedom accessible to the user for fine-tuning.
We present a new light source for parallel Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) based on multiple waveguides written in Ti:sapphire. Each channel can generate a spectrum of 174 nm bandwidth centered at 772 nm, with an optical power on sample of 30 uW. A system depth resolution of 1.9 um is obtained, which correspond to 1.5 um in tissue.
We present a semi-analytical model of optical coherence tomography (OCT) taking into account multiple scattering. The model rests on the assumptions that the measured portion of the backscattered sample field is spatially coherent and that the sample is motionless relative to measurement time. This allows modeling an OCT signal as a sum of spatially coherent fields with random phase arguments-constant during measurement time-caused by multiple scattering. We calculate the mean OCT signal from classical results of statistical optics and a Monte Carlo simulation. Our model is shown to be in very good agreement with a whole range of experimental data gathered in a comprehensive study of cross-talk in wide-field OCT realized with spatially coherent illumination. The study consists of depth scan measurements of a mirror covered with an aqueous suspension of microspheres. We investigate the dependence of cross-talk on important optical system parameters, as well as on some relevant sample properties. We discuss the more complex OCT models based on the extended Huygens-Fresnel principle, which rest on different assumptions since they assume partially coherent interfering fields.
Ultrahigh resolution OCT is used to visualize experimentally induced osteoarthritis in a rat knee model. Using a Cr4+:Forsterite laser, ultrahigh image resolutions of 5um are achieved. Progression of osteoarthritic remodeling and cartilage degeneration are quantified. The utility of OCT for the assessment of cartilage integrity is demonstrated.
KEYWORDS: Optical coherence tomography, In vivo imaging, Image resolution, Imaging systems, Femtosecond phenomena, Neodymium glass lasers, Light sources, Single mode fibers, Skin, Real time imaging
We demonstrate compact ultrahigh resolution OCT systems for in vivo studies, with broadband light sources based on a commercially available Nd:Glass femtosecond laser and nonlinear fiber continuum generation. In vivo OCT images of hamster cheek pouch and human skin acquired at 4 frames per second and with 5.5 μm axial resolution are presented. These systems are robust, compact and portable.
We demonstrate methods for achieving high resolution imaging using alternate scanning techniques in optical coherence tomography and optical coherence microscopy. These techniques enable high transverse resolutions and overcome depth of field limitations. Cellular level resolutions in human tissue may be achieved.
KEYWORDS: CMOS sensors, Microscopy, Digital signal processing, Signal processing, Spatial frequencies, Imaging systems, Microscopes, Signal detection, Objectives, Structured light
Real-time optically sectioned microscopy is demonstrated using an AC-sensitive detection concept realized with smart CMOS image sensor and structured light illumination by a continuously moving periodic pattern. We describe two different detection systems based on CMOS image sensors for the detection and on-chip processing of the sectioned images in real time. A region-of-interest is sampled at high frame rate. The demodulated signal delivered by the detector corresponds to the depth discriminated image of the sample. The measured FWHM of the axial response depends on the spatial frequency of the projected grid illumination and is in the μm-range. The effect of using broadband incoherent illumination is discussed. The performance of these systems is demonstrated by imaging technical as well as biological samples.
We demonstrate real time, ultrahigh resolution OCT imaging using a portable mode-locked Cr:forsterite laser. OCT imaging at 5.5 um axial resolution was performed of normal and cancerous human prostate tissue and correlated with histology.
Ultrahigh resolution OCT imaging is demonstrated using compact broadband light sources based on a commercially available Nd:Glass femtosecond laser with nonlinear fiber continuum generation. A tapered single mode fiber is used to generate broadband light centered at 1300 nm. Broadband light near 1064 nm can also be generated using a high numerical aperture single mode germanium doped fiber. These light sources enable ultrahigh resolution OCT imaging with 5-6 μm axial resolution at both 1064 nm and 1300 nm.
Parallel optical coherence tomography in scattering samples is demonstrated using a 58 by 58 smart-pixel detector array. A femtosecond mode-locked Ti:Sapphire laser in combination with a free space Michelson interferometer was employed to achieve 4micrometers longitudinal resolution and 9mm transverse resolution on a 260x260 micrometers 2 field of view. We imaged a resolution target covered by an intralipid solution with different scattering coefficients as well as onion cells.
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