Since a wide variety of microscopic living forms in contact with medical implant in human body are known to be sensitive and reactive to the surface topography, it is of active interest to optimize the implant surface of for desired integration. Ultrafast laser is a powerful tool for modifying the surface of medical implants, at the micro- /nano-scale, for either improving or limiting living tissues adhesion ability. Laser processing and living microorganisms’ response to laser texturing are discussed. Bacteria reduction and human cells adhesion at implant surfaces are reviewed in connection with ultrafast laser induced surface micro- / nanostructures.
In this presentation, we will show the latest advances in the context of the European H2020 Horizon project LaserImplant. Functionalized surfaces by ultrashort laser texturing were developed with the aim of improving the biocompatibility and efficiency of medical screws. Both osteoblast cell repellent surfaces as well as surfaces promoting osteogenesis were studied and characterized by bone cells’ growth and wettability tests.
Beam delivery strategies were anticipated for future industrial requirements. Compromises had to be found to implement different textures in one unique solution. Targeted processing times as well as quality robustness were at stake for complex cylindrical shapes with multiple dimensions. Upscaling experiments put in evidence thermal effects due to energy deposition acceleration. Solutions were finally found to overcome speed limitations by selecting dedicated optical systems together with adapted synchronized processes.
In dentistry, implantation failures of dental implants are primarily due to a poor osteointegration, and complications induced by peri-implantitis. For that reason, a strong bacteria resistance, a fast osseointegration, and a good adhesion of the gingival tissues to the implant surface are essential for a successful implantation, comfort and safety of the patient in question. We showcase that a fine-tuning of ultrafast laser-induced surface structures would improve the implantation successful rate by rendering dental implant surfaces with triple-functionality: repellent for saliva bacteria for the upper part of the dental implant (which is exposed to mouth water, attractive to gingival fibroblasts for the middle part of the dental implant (which interfaces with gum tissue) to prevent bacteria penetration, and fast osseointegration for the lower part of the dental implant which is located in the jaw bone environment.
Femtosecond lasers are available with an increasing energy per pulse. Their efficient exploitation without any decrease of quality is key. It could be done with beam-splitting and parallel processing.
We present a fully reflective CANUNDA-SPLIT module used with a 100W 1030nm 500fs laser and a 100mm F-theta. The uniformity of the beams over the Field of View is presented.
The drilling of stainless steel and Nickel cavities matrices, designed for tribological properties improvement, has been performed. The homogeneity of the cavities and the circularity are analyzed. These results paves the way to meter-scale area processing with a reduced processing time.
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