Dr. Ketan B. Ghaghada Profile

Dr. Ketan B. Ghaghada

Assistant Professor at Texas Children's Hospital

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Publications (15)

Proceedings Article | 2 April 2024 Presentation + Paper

Enhancing in vivo preclinical studies with VivoVist™ and photon-counting micro-CT imaging

C. Badea, A. Rickard, A. Allphin, D. Clark, K. Ghaghada, S. Ridwan, H. Smilowitz, J. Hainfeld, Y. Mowery

Proceedings Volume 12930, 129300V (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3005892

KEYWORDS: Tumors, Barium, Iodine, Biological imaging, Radiotherapy, Contrast agents, Calcium, Blood, X-ray computed tomography, Photon counting

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Proceedings Article | 2 April 2024 Poster + Paper

Standardized MR nano-radiomics for early detection and amyloid burden classification in Alzheimer’s disease

Esther Ngan, Andrew Badachhape, Eric Tanifum, Ananth Annapragada, Ketan Ghaghada, Zbigniew Starosolski

Proceedings Volume 12930, 1293026 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3008263

KEYWORDS: Magnetic resonance imaging, Radiomics, Alzheimer disease, Brain, Animal model studies, Image segmentation, Neuroimaging, Cerebral cortex

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Extracellular deposits of amyloid-β (Aβ) aggregates are pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In our previous work, we showed that an amyloid-targeted liposomal gadolinium (Gd) contrast agent, ADx-001, demonstrated dose-related varying performance (accuracy 50% - 100%) for in vivo MRI-based detection of amyloid plaques in a mouse model of AD. The goal of this study was to determine if nano-radiomics (radiomic analysis of nanoparticle contrast-enhanced images) could improve performance in differentiating amyloid-positive transgenic (TG) APP/PSEN1 mice and age-matched amyloid-negative Wild Type (WT) mice. Nanoparticle contrast-enhanced MRI (nCE-MRI) was performed using a T1w-SE sequence in wild type (amyloid negative) and transgenic APP/PSEN1 mice (amyloid positive). The effect of ADx-001 dose and plaque burden on the performance of radiomics was determined. nCE-MRI was performed at three ADx-001 dose levels (0.10, 0.15, 0.20 mmol Gd/kg) in mice with high plaque burden and single ADx-001 dose level (0.20 mmol Gd/kg) in mice with low plaque burden. Following semi-automatic registration and segmentation of brain atlas on mouse MR images, two sets of radiomic features (RFs), including the RFs recommended by Image Biomarker Standardization Initiative, were calculated and evaluated for their performance in classifying TG and WT mice. Linear and nonlinear classifiers using RFs were examined to improve the model performance. 5-fold cross-validation was performed to confirm the accuracy of group separation. Nano-radiomic analysis in mice with high plaque burden achieved superb classification performance in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, with one universal classifier for all dose levels of ADx-001. In comparison, conventional MR metric of signal enhancement demonstrated dose-related varying performance with suboptimal accuracy (⪅0.7) at lower dose levels. In mice with low plaque burden, radiomic analysis outperformed conventional MR metric for detection of amyloid pathology. In conclusion, nano-radiomics exhibited excellent performance for early detection and amyloid burden classification in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease.

Proceedings Article | 2 April 2024 Presentation + Paper

Photon counting micro-CT imaging of Bi2WO6 nanoparticles

C. Badea, R. Bhavane, A. Allphin, R. Nadkarni, D. Clark, A. Annapragada, K. Ghaghada

Proceedings Volume 12930, 1293018 (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3005891

KEYWORDS: Bismuth, Nanoparticles, Simulations, Calcium, Biological imaging, X-ray computed tomography, Photon counting, Gold nanoparticles, Contrast agents, X-rays

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Proceedings Article | 7 April 2023 Presentation + Paper

Spectral micro-CT imaging of multiple K-edge elements using GaAs and CdTe photon counting detectors

A. Allphin, D. Clark, T. Thuering, Prajwal Bhandari, K. Ghaghada, C. Badea

Proceedings Volume 12463, 124630T (2023) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2654262

KEYWORDS: Gallium arsenide, Calcium, Bismuth, Chemical elements, X-ray computed tomography, Tantalum, Photon counting, Iodine, Spatial resolution

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Proceedings Article | 18 October 2022 Open Access

Co-clinical photon counting CT research for multi-contrast imaging

C. Badea, D. Clark, A. Alphin, J. C. Ramirez-Giraldo, P. Bhandari, Y. Mowery, K. Ghaghada

Proceedings Volume 12304, 123040G (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2646399

KEYWORDS: Gadolinium, Tantalum, Tumors, Calcium, Denoising, Computed tomography, X-ray computed tomography, Scanners, Condition numbers, Reconstruction algorithms

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Proceedings Article | 4 April 2022 Presentation + Paper

Photon counting micro-CT for imaging Cisplatin

C. Badea, D. Clark, A. Allphin, K. Ghaghada, Y. Mowery

Proceedings Volume 12036, 120361I (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2612574

KEYWORDS: Platinum, Calcium, X-ray computed tomography, X-rays, Sensors, Tumors, Photon counting, Imaging systems, Cancer, X-ray imaging

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Proceedings Article | 4 April 2022 Presentation + Paper

Spectral micro-CT and radiomic analysis for classification of tumors based on lymphocytic burden in cancer therapy studies

A. Allphin, Y. Mowery, K. Lafata, D. Clark, A. Basil, Rico Castillo, M. Holbrook, K. Ghaghada, C. Badea

Proceedings Volume 12036, 120361H (2022) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2611519

KEYWORDS: Tumors, Iodine, Computed tomography, Statistical analysis, Cancer, In vivo imaging, Image segmentation, Nanoparticles

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Proceedings Article | 28 February 2020 Presentation + Paper

A spectral CT study on iodine augmentation of radiation therapy and its potential for combination with chemotherapy

C. Badea, K. Ghaghada, M. Holbrook, Prajwal Bhandari, D. Clark, Y. Qi, Y. Mowery

Proceedings Volume 11317, 113171N (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2549583

KEYWORDS: Tumors, Gadolinium, Iodine, X-ray computed tomography, Computed tomography, Nanoparticles, Calcium, In vivo imaging, Cancer

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Proceedings Article | 12 March 2018 Paper

Optimization of an iodine-based nanoparticle contrast agent for molecular CT imaging

Ketan Ghaghada, Chandreshkumar Patel, Ananth Annapragada

Proceedings Volume 10578, 105781E (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2293850

KEYWORDS: Iodine, Nanoparticles, Computed tomography, In vivo imaging, Contrast sensitivity

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Proceedings Article | 12 March 2018 Paper

Interrogation of evolving tumor vasculature using high-resolution CT imaging and a nanoparticle contrast agent

Ketan Ghaghada, Zbigniew Starosolski, Igor Stupin, Poonam Sarkar, Ananth Annapragada

Proceedings Volume 10578, 105781C (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2293607

KEYWORDS: Tumors, Computed tomography, Nanoparticles, Angiography, In vivo imaging, Magnetic resonance imaging, Mouse models, Blood vessels, Therapeutics, Imaging systems

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Proceedings Article | 9 March 2018 Presentation + Paper

Spectral imaging of iodine and gadolinium nanoparticles using dual-energy CT

C. Badea, M. Holbrook, D. Clark, K. Ghaghada

Proceedings Volume 10573, 105731I (2018) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2293625

KEYWORDS: Gadolinium, Nanoparticles, In vivo imaging, Iodine, X-ray computed tomography, X-rays, Copper, Spleen, Visualization, Dual energy imaging

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Advances in CT hardware have propelled the development of novel CT contrast agents. Combined with the spectral capabilities of X-ray CT, molecular imaging is possible using multiple heavy-metal contrast agents. Nanoparticle platforms make particularly attractive agents because of (1) their ability to carry a large payload of imaging moieties, and (2) their ease of surface modification to facilitate molecular targeting. While several novel imaging moieties based on high atomic number elements are being explored, iodine (I) and gadolinium (Gd) are particularly attractive because they are already in clinical use. In this work, we investigate the feasibility for in vivo discrimination of iodine and gadolinium nanoparticles using dual energy micro-CT. Phantom experiments were performed to measure the CT enhancement for I and Gd over a range of voltages from 40 to 80 kVp using a dual-source micro-CT system with energy integrating detectors having cesium iodide scintillators. The two voltages that provide maximum discrimination between I and Gd were determined to be 50 kVp with Cu filtration and 40 kVp without any filtration. Serial dilutions of I and Gd agents were imaged to determine detection sensitivity using the optimal acquisition parameters. Next, an in vivo longitudinal small animal study was performed using Liposomal I (Lip-I) and Liposomal Gd (Lip-Gd) nanoparticles. The mouse was intravenously administered Lip-Gd and imaged within 1 h post-contrast to visualize Gd in the vascular compartment. The animal was reimaged at 72 h post-contrast with dual-energy micro-CT at 40 kVp and 50 kVp to visualize the accumulation of Lip-Gd in the liver and spleen. Immediately thereafter, the animal was intravenously administered Lip-I and re-imaged. The dual energy sets were used to estimate the concentrations of Gd and I via a two-material decomposition with a non-negativity constraint. The phantom results indicated that the relative contrast enhancement per mg/ml of I to Gd was 0.85 at 40 kVp and 1.79 at 50 kVp. According to the Rose criterion (CNR<5), the detectability limits were 2.67 mg/ml for I and 2.46 mg/ml for Gd. The concentration maps confirmed the expected biodistribution, with Gd concentrated in the spleen and with I in the vasculature of the kidney, liver, and spleen. Iterative reconstruction provided higher sensitivity to detect relatively low concentrations of gadolinium. In conclusion, dual energy micro-CT can be used to discriminate and simultaneously image probes containing I and Gd.

Proceedings Article | 16 March 2011 Paper

Dual-energy micro-CT imaging for differentiation of iodine- and gold-based nanoparticles

C. Badea, S. Johnston, Y. Qi, K. Ghaghada, G. Johnson

Proceedings Volume 7961, 79611X (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.878043

KEYWORDS: Gold, Dual energy imaging, Nanoparticles, X-rays, Signal attenuation, Iodine, Tumors, Blood, In vivo imaging, Computed tomography

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Proceedings Article | 9 March 2011 Paper

Multi-modality PET-CT imaging of breast cancer in an animal model using nanoparticle x-ray contrast agent and 18F-FDG

C. Badea, K. Ghaghada, G. Espinosa, L. Strong, A. Annapragada

Proceedings Volume 7965, 796511 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.878024

KEYWORDS: Tumors, Nanoparticles, Positron emission tomography, Computed tomography, Blood, Signal attenuation, Image enhancement, Lymphatic system, In vivo imaging, Breast cancer

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Proceedings Article | 3 April 2008 Paper

Optimization of dual energy contrast enhanced breast tomosynthesis for improved mammographic lesion detection and diagnosis

R. Saunders, E. Samei, C. Badea, H. Yuan, K. Ghaghada, Y. Qi, L. Hedlund, S. Mukundan

Proceedings Volume 6913, 69130Y (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.772042

KEYWORDS: Breast, Dual energy imaging, Monte Carlo methods, Cancer, Tungsten, Sensors, Tissues, Copper, Signal to noise ratio, Tin

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Proceedings Article | 19 March 2008 Paper

Utility of a prototype liposomal contrast agent for x-ray imaging of breast cancer: a proof of concept using micro-CT in small animals

C. Badea, E. Samei, K. Ghaghada, R. Saunders, H. Yuan, Y. Qi, L. Hedlund, S. Mukundan

Proceedings Volume 6913, 691303 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.772307

KEYWORDS: Tumors, Blood, Imaging systems, Iodine, Breast cancer, Tomography, Visualization, Prototyping, X-ray imaging, In vivo imaging

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Showing 5 of 15 publications

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