HiZ-GUNDAM is a future satellite mission whose mission concept was approved by ISAS/JAXA, and it is one of the future satellite candidates of JAXA’s competitive medium-class mission. HiZ-GUNDAM will lead time-domain astronomy in 2030s, and its key sciences are (1) exploration of the early universe with high-redshift gamma-ray bursts, and (2) contribution to the multi-messenger astronomy. Two mission payloads are aboard HiZ-GUNDAM to realize these two scientific issues. The wide field X-ray monitors which consist of Lobster Eye optics array and focal imaging sensor, monitor ~0.5 steradian field of view in 0.5–4 keV energy range. The near infrared telescope with an aperture size of 30 cm in diameter performs simultaneous 5-band photometric observation in 0.5–2.5 μm wavelength with Koester’s prism for X-ray transients discovered by Wide Field X-ray Monitor. In this paper, we introduce the mission overview of HiZ-GUNDAM while the information contained herein may change in future studies.
HiZ-GUNDAM is a future satellite mission designed for exploring the early universe using gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). The satellite is equipped with two main instruments: a wide field X-ray monitor (WFXM) and a near infrared telescope (NIRT). And its mission data processing unit (MPU) plays an important role in data processing. When a transient source occurs and the X-rays enter the WFXM, a cross-shaped image is produced on the focal plane image sensor. Once the WFXM’s data are sent to the MPU, the direction of the source is determined from the center position. Furthermore, if there are no known stellar objects in this direction and if they are not hot pixels or other anomalies, the event is classified as a GRB candidate. To evaluate the software for this series of judgments, we investigated the angular resolution by this software algorithm utilizing the cross image obtained by the lobster eye optics (LEO).
HiZ-GUNDAM is a future satellite mission for gamma-ray burst observations. One of the mission instruments is the wide-field X-ray monitor with a field of view (FoV) of 0.6 steradian at 0.4–4.0 keV, consisting of Lobster Eye Optics (LEO) and pnCCD image sensors. LEOs need to be spatially well-aligned to achieve both of wide FoV and fine position accuracy of < 3 arcmin. To address this challenge, we explored an alignment method with X-rays and developed an optical frame. This study reports on the evaluation of the optical frame, our alignment method, and x-ray performance of the optical system.
HiZ-GUNDAM is a future satellite mission for gamma-ray burst observations. One of the mission instruments is the wide-field X-ray monitor with a field of view (FoV) of 0.5 steradian at 0.4 to 4.0 keV, consisting of Lobster Eye Optics (LEO) and focal-imaging pixel sensors. LEOs need to be spatially well-aligned to achieve both a wide FoV and fine accuracy in determining the location of X-ray transients. An alignment method is being investigated with visible light and shape measurements. We developed a titanium frame for positioning two LEO segments and estimated visible light on LEOs. We will report development of the alignment method.
HiZ-GUNDAM is a future satellite mission which will lead the time-domain astronomy and the multi-messenger astronomy through observations of high-energy transient phenomena. A mission concept of HiZ-GUNDAM was approved by ISAS/JAXA, and it is one of the future satellite candidates of JAXA’s medium-class mission. We are in pre-phase A (before pre-project) and elaborating the mission concept, mission/system requirements for the launch in the late 2020s. The main themes of HiZ-GUNDAM mission are (1) exploration of the early universe with high-redshift gamma-ray bursts, and (2) contribution to the multi-messenger astronomy. HiZ-GUNDAM has two kinds of mission payload. The wide field X-ray monitors consist of Lobster Eye optics array and focal imaging sensor, and monitor ~1 steradian field of view in 0.5 – 4 keV energy range. The near infrared telescope has an aperture size 30 cm in diameter, and simultaneously observes four wavelength bands between 0.5 – 2.5 μm. In this paper, we introduce the mission overview of HiZ-GUNDAM.
In this paper we report on development of an FPGA-based fast readout system of a CMOS image sensor for the future satellite mission HiZ-GUNDAM observing gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) in the 0.4–4 keV band. Since the typical durations of GRBs are about 0.1–100 s, an X-ray photon-counting capability with a time resolution of < 0.1 s is required. The FPGA-based signal processing system has the following functions: (1) take images with a few million pixels at a frame rate of >10 frames per second, (2) extract X-ray events by image subtraction, (3) compile position and energy information of the obtained X-ray events, and (4) transfer the information to an external CPU. A more detailed system configuration is reported.
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