Prof. Lothar W. Strueder Profile

Prof. Lothar W. Strueder

at PNSensor and Univ of Siegen

SPIE Involvement:

Author

Publications (115)

Proceedings Article | 21 August 2024 Poster + Paper

Poster + Paper

The status of pnCCD with an FPGA-based electronic system for HiZ-GUNDAM

Hsien-Chieh Shen, Naoki Ogino, Makoto Arimoto, Daisuke Yonetoku, Takanori Sakamoto, Shintaro Ikunaga, Ryuji Kondo, Junko Hiraga, Robert Hartmann, Lothar Strüder

Proceedings Volume 13093, 130936C (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3018627

KEYWORDS: X-rays, Analog electronics, Power supplies, Analog to digital converters, Field programmable gate arrays, X-ray imaging, X-ray detectors, Gamma radiation, Optical sensors

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Proceedings Article | 21 August 2024 Poster + Paper

Poster + Paper

Design and development of an FPGA-based pnCCD driver and readout system for future satellite mission HiZ-GUNDAM

Ryuji Kondo, Shintaro Ikunaga, Hsien-Chieh Shen, Makoto Arimoto, Naoki Ogino, Shuta Takahashi, Daisuke Yonetoku, Tatsuya Sawano, Junko Hiraga, Robert Hartmann, Lothar Strüder

Proceedings Volume 13093, 130936D (2024) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.3018693

KEYWORDS: Field programmable gate arrays, X-rays, Analog electronics, Power supplies, Image sensors, Analog to digital converters, CMOS sensors, X-ray imaging, Satellites, Charge-coupled devices

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Proceedings Article | 16 December 2020 Presentation + Paper

Presentation + Paper

A new spectroscopic imager for x-rays from 0.5 keV to 150 keV combining a fully depleted pnCCD coupled to a columnar CsI(Tl) scintillator with fano-noise-limited energy resolution and deep subpixel spatial resolution

Dieter Schlosser, Robert Hartmann, Alois Bechteler, Peter Holl, M. Shokr, Ullrich Pietsch, Lothar Strueder

Proceedings Volume 11444, 114442R (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2575676

KEYWORDS: Spatial resolution, X-rays, Scintillators, Sensors, Imaging spectroscopy, Spectroscopy, Imaging systems, X-ray imaging, Image resolution, Silicon

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Proceedings Article | 13 December 2020 Poster + Paper

Poster + Paper

Super-resolution for x-ray applications with pixelated semiconductor tracking detectors using convolutional neural networks

Björn Eckert, Stefan Aschauer, Peter Holl, Petra Majewski, Thomas Zabel, Lothar Strüder

Proceedings Volume 11452, 114523O (2020) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2576067

KEYWORDS: Sensors, X-rays, X-ray detectors, Convolutional neural networks, Super resolution, Semiconductors, Electrons, Photons, Clouds, Network architectures

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Proceedings Article | 31 July 2014 Paper

Paper

Development of DEPFET active pixel sensors to improve the spectroscopic response for high time resolution applications

Alexander Bähr, Stefan Aschauer, Bettina Bergbauer, Peter Lechner, Petra Majewski, Norbert Meidinger, Sabine Ott, Matteo Porro, Rainer Richter, Lothar Strüder, Johannes Treis

Proceedings Volume 9144, 914411 (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2055411

KEYWORDS: Field effect transistors, Camera shutters, Sensors, Signal processing, Switching, Electrons, Active sensors, Image resolution, Measurement devices, Pulsed laser operation

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Proceedings Article | 24 July 2014 Paper

Paper

Prospects and limitations of DEPFET active pixel sensors as high speed spectroscopic x-ray imager for the ATHENA wide field imager

S. Aschauer, A. Bähr, G. Lutz, P. Majewski, L. Strüder, J. Treis

Proceedings Volume 9144, 91442K (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2056398

KEYWORDS: Field effect transistors, Electrons, Sensors, Transistors, Signal processing, X-ray imaging, Imaging systems, Analog electronics, Active sensors, Imaging spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 23 July 2014 Paper

Paper

Dynamic range of fully depleted pnCCDs: modeling and experimental confirmation

Julia Schmidt, Robert Hartmann, Peter Holl, Martin Huth, Gerhard Lutz, Jakob Soltau, Daniel Steigenhöfer, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strüder

Proceedings Volume 9154, 91540I (2014) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.2055343

KEYWORDS: Electrons, X-rays, Silicon, Device simulation, Sensors, X-ray detectors, Spectroscopy, Charge-coupled devices, Space operations, Laser optics

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Proceedings Article | 19 October 2012 Paper

Paper

Profiling structured beams using injected aerosols

N. Loh, Dmitri Starodub, Lukas Lomb, Christina Hampton, Andrew Martin, Raymond Sierra, Anton Barty, Andrew Aquila, Joachim Schulz, Jan Steinbrener, Robert Shoeman, Stephan Kassemeyer, Christoph Bostedt, John Bozek, Sascha Epp, Benjamin Erk, Robert Hartmann, Daniel Rolles, Artem Rudenko, Benedikt Rudek, Lutz Foucar, Nils Kimmel, Georg Weidenspointner, Günther Hauser, Peter Holl, Emanuele Pedersoli, MengNing Liang, Mark Hunter, Lars Gumprecht, Nicola Coppola, Cornelia Wunderer, Heinz Graafsman, Filipe R. N. Maia, Tomas Ekeberg, Max Hantke, Holger Fleckenstein, Helmut Hirsemann, Karol Nass, Thomas White, Herbert Tobias, George Farquar, W. Henry Benner, Stefan Hau-Riege, Christian Reich, Andreas Hartmann, Heike Soltau, Stefano Marchesini, Sasa Bajt, Miriam Barthelmess, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Ullrich, Philip Bucksbaum, Keith Hodgson, Mathias Frank, Ilme Schlichting, Henry Chapman, Michael Bogan

Proceedings Volume 8504, 850403 (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.930075

KEYWORDS: Optical spheres, Free electron lasers, Diffraction, Sensors, Photons, Profiling, X-rays, Wavefronts, Aerosols, Scattering

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Proceedings Article | 27 September 2012 Paper

Paper

Background simulations for the wide field imager aboard the ATHENA X-ray Observatory

Steffen Hauf, Markus Kuster, Dieter H. Hoffmann, Philipp-Michael Lang, Stephan Neff, Maria Grazia Pia, Lothar Strüder

Proceedings Volume 8443, 84435J (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.926482

KEYWORDS: Monte Carlo methods, Sensors, X-rays, Observatories, Particles, Imaging systems, Field effect transistors, X-ray imaging, Computer simulations, Device simulation

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Proceedings Article | 25 September 2012 Paper

Paper

A compact high-speed pnCCD camera for optical and x-ray applications

Sebastian Ihle, Ivan Ordavo, Alois Bechteler, Robert Hartmann, Peter Holl, Andreas Liebel, Norbert Meidinger, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strüder, Udo Weber

Proceedings Volume 8453, 84531A (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.926997

KEYWORDS: Cameras, X-rays, Photons, X-ray optics, Sensors, Silicon, Aluminum, High speed cameras, Astronomy, Satellites

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Proceedings Article | 25 September 2012 Paper

Paper

New simulation and measurement results on gateable DEPFET devices

Alexander Bähr, Stefan Aschauer, Katrin Hermenau, Sven Herrmann, Peter Lechner, Gerhard Lutz, Petra Majewski, Danilo Miessner, Matteo Porro, Rainer Richter, Gerhard Schaller, Christian Sandow, Martina Schnecke, Florian Schopper, Alexander Stefanescu, Lothar Strüder, Johannes Treis

Proceedings Volume 8453, 84530N (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.926099

KEYWORDS: Field effect transistors, Camera shutters, Sensors, Electrons, Supercontinuum generation, Analog electronics, Switching, Charge-coupled devices, X-ray optics, Molybdenum

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Proceedings Article | 25 September 2012 Paper

Paper

Integration and calibration of DEPFET macropixel detectors for MIXS

Petra Majewski, Florian Aschauer, Alexander Bähr, Giulio de Vita, Bettina Günther, Kathrin Hermenau, Sven Herrmann, Martin Hilchenbach, Thomas Lauf, Peter Lechner, Gerhard Lutz, Danilo Miessner, Matteo Porro, Jonas Reiffers, Gerhard Schaller, Florian Schopper, Heike Soltau, Alexander Stefanescu, Rafael Strecker, Lothar Strüder, Johannes Treis

Proceedings Volume 8453, 84530Q (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.925929

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Field effect transistors, Spectroscopy, Calibration, X-rays, Temperature metrology, Spectroscopes, X-ray detectors, Mercury (planet), Electrons

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Proceedings Article | 25 September 2012 Paper

Paper

Design and performance of the eROSITA focal plane instrumentation

Norbert Meidinger, Robert Andritschke, Florian Aschauer, Johannes Elbs, Tanja Eraerds, Stefanie Granato, Olaf Hälker, Gisela Hartner, Danilo Mießner, Daniel Pietschner, Peter Predehl, Jonas Reiffers, Lothar Strüder, Andreas von Kienlin, Sabine Walther

Proceedings Volume 8453, 84530P (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.925367

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Cameras, Optical filters, Charge-coupled devices, Photons, X-rays, Signal processing, Electronics, Filtering (signal processing), X-ray telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 17 September 2012 Paper

Paper

Accelerator experiments with soft protons and hyper-velocity dust particles: application to ongoing projects of future x-ray missions

E. Perinati, S. Diebold, E. Kendziorra, A. Santangelo, C. Tenzer, J. Jochum, S. Bugiel, R. Srama, E. Del Monte, M. Feroci, A. Rubini, A. Rachevski, G. Zampa, N. Zampa, I. Rashevskaya, A. Vacchi, P. Azzarello, E. Bozzo, J.-W. den Herder, S. Zane, S. Brandt, M. Hernanz, M. Leutenegger, R. Kelley, C. Kilbourne, N. Meidinger, L. Strüder, B. Cordier, D. Götz, G. Fraser, J. Osborne, K. Dennerl, M. Freyberg, P. Friedrich

Proceedings Volume 8443, 84430O (2012) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.926118

KEYWORDS: Particles, Sensors, X-rays, Silicon, Mirrors, Prototyping, X-ray detectors, Diodes, Aerospace engineering, Space operations

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Proceedings Article | 14 September 2011 Paper

Paper

Status of the CCD camera for the eROSITA space telescope

Norbert Meidinger, Robert Andritschke, Johannes Elbs, Stefanie Granato, Olaf Hälker, Gisela Hartner, Sven Herrmann, Danilo Miessner, Daniel Pietschner, Peter Predehl, Jonas Reiffers, Tanja Rommerskirchen, Gabriele Schmaler, Lothar Strüder, Lars Tiedemann

Proceedings Volume 8145, 814502 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.892403

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, X-rays, Signal processing, Cameras, Photons, Electronics, X-ray telescopes, Optical filters, Space telescopes

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The approved German X-ray telescope eROSITA (extended ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array) is the core instrument on the Russian Spektrum-Roentgen-Gamma (SRG) mission. After satellite launch to Lagrangian point L2 in near future, eROSITA will perform a survey of the entire X-ray sky. In the soft band (0.5 keV - 2 keV), it will be about 30 times more sensitive than ROSAT, while in the hard band (2 keV - 8 keV) it will provide the first complete imaging survey of the sky. The design driving science is the detection of 100,000 clusters of galaxies up to redshift z ~ 1.3 in order to study the large scale structure in the Universe and test cosmological models including Dark Energy. Detection of single X-ray photons with information about their energy, arrival angle and time is accomplished by an array of seven identical and independent PNCCD cameras. Each camera is assigned to a dedicated mirror system of Wolter-I type. The key component of the camera is a 5 cm • 3 cm large, back-illuminated, 450 μm thick and fully depleted frame store PNCCD chip. It is a further development of the sensor type which is in operation aboard the XMM-Newton satellite since 1999. Development and production of the CCDs for the eROSITA project were performed in the semiconductor laboratory of the Max-Planck-Institutes for Physics and Extraterrestrial Physics, the MPI Halbleiterlabor. By means of a unique so-called 'cold-chuck probe station', we have characterized the performance of each PNCCD sensor on chip-level. Various tests were carried out for a detailed characterization of the CCD and its custom-made analog readout ASIC. This includes in particular the evaluation of the optimum detector operating conditions in terms of operating sequence, supply voltages and operating temperature in order to achieve optimum performance. In the course of the eROSITA camera development, an engineering model of the eROSITA flight detector was assembled and is used for tests since 2010. Based on these results and on the extensive tests with lab model detectors, the design of the front-end electronics has meanwhile been finalized for the flight cameras. Furthermore, the specifications for the other supply and control electronics were precisely concluded on the basis of the experimental tests.

Proceedings Article | 14 September 2011 Paper

Paper

eROSITA

Peter Predehl, Robert Andritschke, Werner Becker, Hans Böhringer, Walter Bornemann, Heinrich Bräuninger, Hermann Brunner, Marcella Brusa, Wolfgang Burkert, Vadim Burwitz, Evgeniy Churazov, Konrad Dennerl, Josef Eder, Johannes Elbs, Michael Freyberg, Peter Friedrich, Maria Fürmetz, Roland Gaida, Fabrizia Guglielmetti, Olaf Hälker, Gisela Hartner, Frank Haberl, Sven Herrmann, Heinrich Huber, Eckhard Kendziorra, Andreas von Kienlin, Walter Kink, Ingo Kreykenbohm, Georg Lamer, Igor Lapchov, Norbert Meidinger, Andrea Merloni, Benjamin Mican, Joseph Mohr, Martin Mühlegger, Siegfried Müller, Kirpal Nandra, Mikhail Pavlinsky, Elmar Pfeffermann, Thomas Reiprich, Jan Robrade, Christian Rohé, Andrea Santangelo, Manami Sasaki, Gabriele Schächner, Christian Schmid, Jürgen Schmitt, Rainer Schreib, Fritz Schrey, Axel Schwope, Matthias Steinmetz, Lothar Strüder, Rashid Sunyaev, Chris Tenzer, Lars Tiedemann, Monika Vongehr, Jörn Wilms

Proceedings Volume 8145, 81450D (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.893344

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Cameras, Space telescopes, Telescopes, X-rays, CCD cameras, Electronics, Imaging arrays, X-ray telescopes, Manufacturing

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Proceedings Article | 21 May 2011 Paper

Paper

Large format imaging detectors for x-ray free-electron-lasers

Robert Hartmann, Sascha Epp, Hubert Gorke, Andreas Hartmann, Günther Hauser, Sven Herrmann, Peter Holl, Nils Kimmel, Norbert Meidinger, Christian Reich, Daniel Rolles, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strüder, Joachim Ullrich, Georg Weidenspointner

Proceedings Volume 8078, 80780W (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.887034

KEYWORDS: Sensors, X-rays, Free electron lasers, X-ray imaging, X-ray detectors, Liquid crystal lasers, Electrons, Imaging spectroscopy, Image sensors, Light sources

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Proceedings Article | 21 May 2011 Paper

Paper

Calibration methods and performance evaluation for pnCCDs in experiments with FEL radiation

N. Kimmel, R. Andritschke, L. Englert, S. Epp, A. Hartmann, R. Hartmann, G. Hauser, P. Holl, I. Ordavo, R. Richter, L. Strüder, J. Ullrich

Proceedings Volume 8078, 80780V (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.887026

KEYWORDS: Electrons, Calibration, Free electron lasers, X-rays, Charge-coupled devices, Sensors, Spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Electronics, Signal detection

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Proceedings Article | 21 May 2011 Paper

Paper

Practical experience from operating the imaging pnCCD instrument of the CAMP chamber at LCLS

Georg Weidenspointner, Sascha Epp, Andreas Hartmann, Robert Hartmann, Günter Hauser, Peter Holl, Nils Kimmel, Daniel Rolles, Lothar Strüder, Joachim Ullrich

Proceedings Volume 8078, 80780U (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.886919

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Free electron lasers, Calibration, Liquid crystal lasers, Particles, X-rays, Contamination, Imaging systems, Image sensors, Photodetectors

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Proceedings Article | 21 May 2011 Paper

Paper

Single particle imaging with soft x-rays at the Linac Coherent Light Source

Andrew Martin, Jakob Andreasson, Andrew Aquila, Saša Bajt, Thomas R. Barends, Miriam Barthelmess, Anton Barty, W. Henry Benner, Christoph Bostedt, John Bozek, Phillip Bucksbaum, Carl Caleman, Nicola Coppola, Daniel DePonte, Tomas Ekeberg, Sascha Epp, Benjamin Erk, George Farquar, Holger Fleckenstein, Lutz Foucar, Matthias Frank, Lars Gumprecht, Christina Hampton, Max Hantke, Andreas Hartmann, Elisabeth Hartmann, Robert Hartmann, Stephan Hau-Riege, Günther Hauser, Peter Holl, André Hoemke, Olof Jönsson, Stephan Kassemeyer, Nils Kimmel, Maya Kiskinova, Faton Krasniqi, Jacek Krzywinski, Mengning Liang, Ne-Te Duane Loh, Lukas Lomb, Filipe R. N. Maia, Stefano Marchesini, Marc Messerschmidt, Karol Nass, Duško Odic, Emanuele Pedersoli, Christian Reich, Daniel Rolles, Benedikt Rudek, Artem Rudenko, Carlo Schmidt, Joachim Schultz, M. Marvin Seibert, Robert Shoeman, Raymond Sierra, Heike Soltau, Dmitri Starodub, Jan Steinbrener, Francesco Stellato, Lothar Strüder, Martin Svenda, Herbert Tobias, Joachim Ullrich, Georg Weidenspointner, Daniel Westphal, Thomas White, Garth Williams, Janos Hajdu, Ilme Schlichting, Michael Bogan, Henry Chapman

Proceedings Volume 8078, 807809 (2011) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.886754

KEYWORDS: Diffraction, Particles, X-rays, Light sources, Sensors, Liquid crystal lasers, X-ray imaging, X-ray diffraction, Coherence imaging, Free electron lasers

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Proceedings Article | 30 July 2010 Paper

Paper

The High Time Resolution Spectrometer (HTRS) aboard the International X-ray Observatory (IXO)

Didier Barret, Laurent Ravera, Pierre Bodin, Carine Amoros, Martin Boutelier, Jean-Michel Glorian, Olivier Godet, Guillaume Orttner, Karine Lacombe, Roger Pons, Damien Rambaud, Pascale Ramon, Souad Ramchoun, Jean-Marc Biffi, Marielle Belasic, Rodolphe Clédassou, Delphine Faye, Benjamin Pouilloux, Christian Motch, Laurent Michel, Peter Lechner, Adrian Niculae, Lothar Strueder, Giuseppe Distratis, Eckhard Kendziorra, Andréa Santangelo, Christoph Tenzer, Henning Wende, Joern Wilms, Ingo Kreykenbohm, Christian Schmid, Stéphane Paltani, Franck Cadoux, Carlo Fiorini, Luca Bombelli, Mariano Méndez, Sandro Mereghetti

Proceedings Volume 7732, 77321M (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.856955

KEYWORDS: Sensors, X-rays, Analog electronics, Electronics, Monte Carlo methods, Aluminum, Silicon, Staring arrays, Field programmable gate arrays, Quantum efficiency

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Proceedings Article | 29 July 2010 Paper

Paper

The wide-field imager for IXO: status and future activities

Lothar Strüder, Florian Aschauer, Mark Bautz, Luca Bombelli, David Burrows, Carlo Fiorini, George Fraser, Sven Herrmann, Eckhard Kendziorra, Markus Kuster, Thomas Lauf, Peter Lechner, Gerhard Lutz, Petra Majewski, Aline Meuris, Matteo Porro, Jonas Reiffers, Rainer Richter, Andrea Santangelo, Heike Soltau, Alexander Stefanescu, Chris Tenzer, Johannes Treis, Hiroshi Tsunemi, Giulio de Vita, Jörn Wilms

Proceedings Volume 7732, 77321I (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.856628

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Field effect transistors, X-rays, Imaging systems, X-ray imaging, Spectroscopy, Electrons, Active sensors, Point spread functions, Prototyping

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Proceedings Article | 29 July 2010 Paper

Paper

eROSITA on SRG

Peter Predehl, Robert Andritschke, Hans Böhringer, Walter Bornemann, Heinrich Bräuninger, Herman Brunner, Marcella Brusa, Wolfgang Burkert, Vadim Burwitz, Nico Cappelluti, Evgeniy Churazov, Konrad Dennerl, Josef Eder, Johannes Elbs, Michael Freyberg, Peter Friedrich, Maria Fürmetz, Roland Gaida, Olaf Hälker, Gisela Hartner, Günther Hasinger, Sven Hermann, Heinrich Huber, Eckhard Kendziorra, Andreas von Kienlin, Walter Kink, Ingo Kreykenbohm, Georg Lamer, Igor Lapchov, K. Lehmann, Norbert Meidinger, Benjamin Mican, Joseph Mohr, Martin Mühlegger, Siegfried Müller, Kirpal Nandra, Mikhail Pavlinsky, Elmar Pfeffermann, Thomas Reiprich, Jan Robrade, Christian Rohé, Andrea Santangelo, Gabriele Schächner, Thomas Schanz, Christian Schmid, Jürgen Schmitt, Reiner Schreib, Fritz Schrey, Axel Schwope, Matthias Steinmetz, Lothar Strüder, Rashid Sunyaev, Chris Tenzer, Lars Tiedemann, Monika Vongehr, Jörn Wilms

Proceedings Volume 7732, 77320U (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.856577

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Space telescopes, Telescopes, X-rays, Galaxy groups and clusters, Cameras, Spatial resolution, X-ray telescopes, Electronics, Charge-coupled devices

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Proceedings Article | 29 July 2010 Paper

Paper

Wide-field AO correction: the large wavefront sensor detector of ARGOS

Gilles Orban de Xivry, Sebastian Rabien, Lothar Barl, Simone Esposito, Wolfgang Gaessler, Michael Hart, Matthias Deysenroth, Hans Gemperlein, Lothar Strüder, Julian Ziegleder

Proceedings Volume 7736, 77365C (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.857230

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Adaptive optics, Wavefront sensors, Quantum efficiency, Cameras, Wavefronts, Charge-coupled devices, Point spread functions, Power supplies, Mirrors

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Proceedings Article | 28 July 2010 Open Access

Open Access

Paper

ARGOS: the laser guide star system for the LBT

S. Rabien, N. Ageorges, L. Barl, U. Beckmann, T. Blümchen, M. Bonaglia, J. Borelli, J. Brynnel, L. Busoni, L. Carbonaro, R. Davies, M. Deysenroth, O. Durney, M. Elberich, S. Esposito, V. Gasho, W. Gässler, H. Gemperlein, R. Genzel, R. Green, M. Haug, M. Hart, P. Hubbard, S. Kanneganti, E. Masciadri, J. Noenickx, G. Orban de Xivry, D. Peter, A. Quirrenbach, M. Rademacher, H. Rix, P. Salinari, C. Schwab, J. Storm, L. Strüder, M. Thiel, G. Weigelt, J. Ziegleder

Proceedings Volume 7736, 77360E (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.857210

KEYWORDS: Adaptive optics, Mirrors, Stars, Laser systems engineering, Wavefront sensors, Sensors, Laser guide stars, Telescopes, Calibration, Turbulence

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Proceedings Article | 20 July 2010 Paper

Paper

First results from electrical qualification measurements on DEPFET pixel detector

Petra Majewski, Ladislav Andricek, Thomas Lauf, Peter Lechner, Gerhard Lutz, Jonas Reiffers, Rainer Richter, Gerhard Schaller, Martina Schnecke, Florian Schopper, Heike Soltau, Alexander Stefanescu, Lothar Strüder, Johannes Treis

Proceedings Volume 7742, 77421H (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.856908

KEYWORDS: Field effect transistors, Sensors, Transistors, Matrices, Semiconducting wafers, Doping, Multiplexers, Electrons, Prototyping, Switches

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Proceedings Article | 20 July 2010 Paper

Paper

Electronic test system for the eROSITA x-ray PNCCDs

J. Elbs, R. Andritschke, O. Hälker, R. Hartmann, S. Herrmann, N. Kimmel, N. Meidinger, L. Strüder

Proceedings Volume 7742, 774211 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.857269

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, Sensors, X-rays, X-ray imaging, Switches, Field effect transistors, Analog electronics, Ceramics, X-ray telescopes, Signal processing

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Proceedings Article | 20 July 2010 Paper

Paper

The silicon drift detector for the IXO high-time resolution spectrometer

Peter Lechner, Carine Amoros, Didier Barret, Pierre Bodin, Martin Boutelier, Rouven Eckhardt, Carlo Fiorini, Eckhard Kendziorra, Karine Lacombe, Adrian Niculae, Benjamin Pouilloux, Roger Pons, Damien Rambaud, Laurent Ravera, Christian Schmid, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strüder, Christoph Tenzer, Jörn Wilms

Proceedings Volume 7742, 77420W (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.857260

KEYWORDS: Sensors, X-rays, Spectroscopy, Silicon, Capacitance, Electrons, Electronics, Analog electronics, Amplifiers, Field effect transistors

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Proceedings Article | 17 July 2010 Paper

Paper

Development of the Simbol-X science verification model and its contribution for the IXO Mission

Daniel Maier, Florian Aschauer, Jürgen Dick, Giuseppe Distratis, Henry Gebhardt, Sven Herrmann, Eckhard Kendziorra, Thomas Lauf, Peter Lechner, Andrea Santangelo, Thomas Schanz, Lothar Strüder, Chris Tenzer, Johannes Treis

Proceedings Volume 7742, 77420Z (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.857110

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Light emitting diodes, Field effect transistors, Photons, Electronics, X-ray imaging, X-rays, Space operations, X-ray telescopes, Observatories

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Proceedings Article | 17 July 2010 Paper

Paper

Quantum efficiency measurements of eROSITA pnCCDs

Stefanie Ebermayer, Robert Andritschke, Johannes Elbs, Norbert Meidinger, Lothar Strüder, Robert Hartmann, Alexander Gottwald, Michael Krumrey, Frank Scholze

Proceedings Volume 7742, 77420U (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.856939

KEYWORDS: Quantum efficiency, Photons, Absorption, Sensors, X-rays, Aluminum, Signal attenuation, Silicon, Monochromators, Semiconductors

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Proceedings Article | 16 July 2010 Paper

Paper

The IXO wide-field imager

Peter Lechner, Florian Aschauer, Luca Bombelli, Carlo Fiorini, Sven Herrmann, Thomas Lauf, Gerhard Lutz, Petra Majewski, Aline Meuris, Matteo Porro, Jonas Reiffers, Rainer Richter, Alexander Stefanescu, Lothar Strüder, Johannes Treis, Giulio De Vita

Proceedings Volume 7742, 77420T (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.857432

KEYWORDS: Field effect transistors, Sensors, X-rays, Imaging systems, X-ray imaging, Electrons, Spectroscopy, Amplifiers, Active sensors, Point spread functions

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Proceedings Article | 3 July 2010 Paper

Paper

The DEPFET-based focal plane detectors for MIXS on BepiColombo

J. Treis, L. Andricek, F. Aschauer, K. Heinzinger, S. Herrmann, T. Lauf, P. Lechner, G. Lutz, P. Majewski, M. Porro, J. Reiffers, R. Richter, G. Schaller, M. Schnecke, F. Schopper, H. Soltau, A. Stefanescu, L. Strüder, G. de Vita

Proceedings Volume 7742, 77420S (2010) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.856886

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Field effect transistors, X-rays, Electronics, Staring arrays, X-ray detectors, Mercury (planet), Asteroids, Silicon, X-ray optics

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Proceedings Article | 4 September 2009 Paper

Paper

DEPFET-based instrumentation for the MIXS focal plane on BepiColombo

J. Treis, L. Andricek, F. Aschauer, S. Herrmann, K. Heinzinger, M. Hilchenbach, T. Lauf, P. Lechner, G. Lutz, P. Majewski, M. Porro, R. Richter, G. Schaller, M. Schnecke, F. Schopper, H. Soltau, A. Stefanescu, L. Strüder, G. de Vita

Proceedings Volume 7441, 744116 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.826142

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Field effect transistors, X-rays, Asteroids, Mercury (planet), Electronics, Staring arrays, Analog electronics, X-ray detectors, Annealing

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Proceedings Article | 28 August 2009 Paper

Paper

Development of silicon blocked impurity band detectors with integrated linear amplification

Valentin Fedl, Lothar Barl, Gerhard Lutz, Lothar Strüder

Proceedings Volume 7419, 74190M (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.826345

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Field effect transistors, Electrons, Silicon, Temperature metrology, Transistors, Cryogenics, Astronomy, Neodymium, Capacitance

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Proceedings Article | 21 August 2009 Paper

Paper

The wide field imager for the International X-ray Observatory

J. Treis, L. Bombelli, C. Fiorini, S. Herrmann, T. Lauf, P. Lechner, G. Lutz, P. Majewski, M. Porro, R. Richter, A. Stefanescu, L. Strüder, G. de Vita

Proceedings Volume 7435, 743506 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.826195

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Field effect transistors, X-rays, Analog electronics, Field programmable gate arrays, Silicon, X-ray imaging, Prototyping, Space operations, Quantum efficiency

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Proceedings Article | 20 August 2009 Paper

Paper

CCD detectors for spectroscopy and imaging of x-rays with the eROSITA space telescope

N. Meidinger, R. Andritschke, S. Ebermayer, J. Elbs, O. Hälker, R. Hartmann, S. Herrmann, N. Kimmel, P. Predehl, G. Schächner, H. Soltau, L. Strüder, L. Tiedemann

Proceedings Volume 7435, 743502 (2009) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.825234

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, X-rays, Space telescopes, Signal processing, Satellites, X-ray telescopes, Imaging spectroscopy, Cameras, CCD image sensors

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Proceedings Article | 24 July 2008 Paper

Paper

DEPFET based x-ray detectors for the MIXS focal plane on BepiColombo

J. Treis, O. Hälker, L. Andricek, S. Herrmann, K. Heinzinger, T. Lauf, P. Lechner, G. Lutz, J. Mas-Hesse, M. Porro, R. Richter, J. San Juan, G. Schaller, M. Schnecke, F. Schopper, G. Segneri, H. Soltau, T. Stevenson, L. Strüder, C. Whitford

Proceedings Volume 7021, 70210Z (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.787582

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Field effect transistors, X-rays, Mercury (planet), Staring arrays, Prototyping, Electronics, Spectroscopy, Annealing, X-ray detectors

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Proceedings Article | 22 July 2008 Paper

Paper

New DEPFET structures: concepts, simulations, and experimental results

G. Lutz, S. Herrmann, P. Lechner, M. Porro, R. Richter, L. Strüder, J. Treis

Proceedings Volume 7021, 70210Y (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.787839

KEYWORDS: Field effect transistors, Sensors, Transistors, Synchrotron radiation, X-ray detectors, X-rays, Photons, Semiconductors, Adaptive optics, X-ray astronomy

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Proceedings Article | 22 July 2008 Paper

Paper

Hard x-ray and gamma-ray imaging and spectroscopy using scintillators coupled to silicon drift detectors

P. Lechner, R. Eckhard, C. Fiorini, A. Gola, A. Longoni, A. Niculae, R. Peloso, H. Soltau, L. Strüder

Proceedings Volume 7021, 702111 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.788803

KEYWORDS: Scintillators, Sensors, Silicon, Cameras, Spectroscopy, Spatial resolution, Crystals, Imaging spectroscopy, Capacitance, Electrons

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Proceedings Article | 22 July 2008 Paper

Paper

The low energy detector of Simbol-X

P. Lechner, L. Andricek, U. Briel, G. Hasinger, K. Heinzinger, S. Herrmann, H. Huber, E. Kendziorra, T. Lauf, G. Lutz, R. Richter, A. Santangelo, G. Schaller, M. Schnecke, F. Schopper, G. Segneri, L. Strüder, J. Treis

Proceedings Volume 7021, 702110 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.788702

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Light emitting diodes, Field effect transistors, Space telescopes, Space operations, Telescopes, Electrons, Prototyping, Silicon, X-rays

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Proceedings Article | 17 July 2008 Paper

Paper

Results of a pnCCD detector system for high-speed optical imaging

Robert Hartmann, Sebastian Deires, Mark Downing, Hubert Gorke, Sven Herrmann, Sebastian Ihle, Gottfried Kanbach, Janis Papamastorakis, Heike Soltau, Alexander Stefanescu, Lothar Strüder

Proceedings Volume 7015, 70155C (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.789714

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, Quantum efficiency, Amplifiers, Adaptive optics, Optical amplifiers, Point spread functions, Signal processing, Imaging systems, Wavefront sensors

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Proceedings Article | 15 July 2008 Paper

Paper

eROSITA camera design and first performance measurements with CCDs

N. Meidinger, R. Andritschke, J. Elbs, O. Hälker, R. Hartmann, G. Hasinger, S. Herrmann, P. Holl, N. Kimmel, S. Müller, P. Predehl, G. Schächner, H. Soltau, L. Strüder, L. Tiedemann

Proceedings Volume 7011, 70110J (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.787793

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, Cameras, X-rays, Electronics, CCD cameras, Digital signal processing, Signal processing, CCD image sensors, Space telescopes

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The German X-ray observatory eROSITA (extended ROentgen Survey with an Imaging Telescope Array) is the prime instrument of the new Spectrum-RG mission. Launch of the Russian satellite is planned for the year 2011. The scientific goal of eROSITA is primarily the detection and analysis of 100 thousand clusters of galaxies in order to study the large scale structures in the Universe and to test cosmological models. The therefore required large effective area is obtained by an array of seven identical and parallel aligned Wolter-I telescopes. In the focus of each mirror module, there is a large frame store pnCCD detector, providing a field of view of 1° in diameter. The same X-ray detector type will also be applied for ART-XC, another grazing-incidence telescope system aboard Spectrum-RG, which permits the detection of heavily obscured X-ray sources. These scientific instruments allow the exploration of the X-ray Universe in the energy band from 0.3 keV to 11 keV. During a mission time of at least five years, an all-sky survey, wide as well as deep surveys and pointed observations will be performed. Approval and funding for eROSITA were granted by the German space agency DLR in April 2007. The conceptual design of the X-ray focal plane cameras is presented here comprising electrical, thermal, and mechanical aspects. Key part of the camera is the pnCCD detector chip, which is developed and produced in our semiconductor laboratory, the MPI Halbleiterlabor. The CCD was designed according to the specifications given by the scientific goals of eROSITA. The eROSITA CCD differs apparently from all previously produced frame store pnCCDs by its larger size and format. The CCD image area of the seven eROSITA cameras is in total 58 cm² large and their number of pixels is about seven times higher than that of the XMM-Newton pnCCD camera. First pnCCD devices were recently produced and tested. Their performance measurements and results are of most importance for eROSITA because the tested CCDs are the control sample of the flight detector production.

Proceedings Article | 15 July 2008 Paper

Paper

ART-XC: a medium-energy x-ray telescope system for the Spectrum-R-Gamma mission

V. Arefiev, M. Pavlinsky, I. Lapshov, A. Tkachenko, S. Sazonov, M. Revnivtsev, N. Semena, M. Buntov, A. Vikhlinin, M. Gubarev, S. O'Dell, B. Ramsey, S. Romaine, D. Swartz, M. Weisskopf, G. Hasinger, P. Predehl, S. Grigorovich, D. Litvin, N. Meidinger, L. Strüder

Proceedings Volume 7011, 70110L (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.789009

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, X-rays, Charge-coupled devices, X-ray telescopes, Sensors, Space telescopes, Photons, X-ray detectors, CCD image sensors, Telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 15 July 2008 Paper

Paper

The XEUS focal plane instruments

Piet de Korte, Lothar Strüder, Didier Barret, Ronaldo Bellazzini, Lionel Duband, Didier Martin, Arvind Parmar, Luigi Piro, Tadayuki Takahashi, Dick Willingale

Proceedings Volume 7011, 70110A (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.790357

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Spatial resolution, X-rays, Mirrors, Silicon, Semiconducting wafers, Space operations, X-ray optics, Image resolution, Bohrium

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Proceedings Article | 7 July 2008 Open Access

Open Access

Paper

The laser guide star program for the LBT

S. Rabien, N. Ageorges, R. Angel, G. Brusa, J. Brynnel, L. Busoni, R. Davies, M. Deysenroth, S. Esposito, W. Gässler, R. Genzel, R. Green, M. Haug, M. Lloyd Hart, G. Hölzl, E. Masciadri, R. Pogge, A. Quirrenbach, M. Rademacher, H. W. Rix, P. Salinari, C. Schwab, T. Stalcup, J. Storm, L. Strüder, M. Thiel, G. Weigelt, J. Ziegleder

Proceedings Volume 7015, 701515 (2008) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.788173

KEYWORDS: Adaptive optics, Telescopes, Stars, Laser guide stars, Wavefront sensors, Laser systems engineering, Sensors, Space telescopes, Mirrors, Diffraction

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Proceedings Article | 26 October 2007 Paper

Paper

eROSITA

P. Predehl, R. Andritschke, W. Bornemann, H. Bräuninger, U. Briel, H. Brunner, W. Burkert, K. Dennerl, J. Eder, M. Freyberg, P. Friedrich, M. Fürmetz, R. Hartmann, G. Hartner, G. Hasinger, S. Herrmann, P. Holl, H. Huber, E. Kendziorra, W. Kink, N. Meidinger, S. Müller, M. Pavlinsky, E. Pfeffermann, C. Rohé, A. Santangelo, J. Schmitt, A. Schwope, M. Steinmetz, L. Strüder, R. Sunyaev, L. Tiedemann, M. Vongehr, J. Wilms, M. Erhard, S. Gutruf, D. Jugler, D. Kampf, R. Graue, O. Citterio, G. Valsecci, D. Vernani, M. Zimmerman

Proceedings Volume 6686, 668617 (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.733583

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, X-rays, Cameras, Space telescopes, Telescopes, X-ray telescopes, Manufacturing, CCD cameras, Charge-coupled devices, Galaxy groups and clusters

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Proceedings Article | 13 September 2007 Paper

Paper

Fast large-area spectroscopic and imaging CCD detectors for x-ray astronomy with eROSITA and for exploration of the nanocosmos

N. Meidinger, R. Andritschke, O. Hälker, R. Hartmann, G. Hasinger, S. Herrmann, P. Holl, N. Kimmel, E. Pfeffermann, P. Predehl, C. Reich, G. Schächner, H. Soltau, L. Strüder

Proceedings Volume 6686, 66860H (2007) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.731756

KEYWORDS: Sensors, X-rays, Charge-coupled devices, X-ray detectors, X-ray astronomy, Electrons, CCD image sensors, X-ray imaging, Satellites, Prototyping

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Proceedings Article | 20 June 2006 Paper

Paper

Simbol-X: mission overview

P. Ferrando, M. Arnaud, U. Briel, O. Citterio, R. Clédassou, P. Duchon, F. Fiore, P. Giommi, A. Goldwurm, G. Hasinger, E. Kendziorra, P. Laurent, F. Lebrun, O. Limousin, G. Malaguti, S. Mereghetti, G. Micela, G. Pareschi, Y. Rio, J. P. Roques, L. Strüder, G. Tagliaferri

Proceedings Volume 6266, 62660F (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.673266

KEYWORDS: Space operations, Sensors, Mirrors, Spatial resolution, Physics, Space telescopes, Telescopes, Collimators, Particles, High energy astrophysics

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Proceedings Article | 19 June 2006 Paper

Paper

Systematic testing and results of x-ray CCDs developed for eROSITA and other applications

N. Meidinger, R. Andritschke, O. Hälker, R. Hartmann, G. Hartner, G. Hasinger, S. Herrmann, P. Holl, E. Hyde, N. Kimmel, E. Pfeffermann, P. Predehl, H. Soltau, L. Strüder

Proceedings Volume 6276, 627618 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.669334

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, Signal processing, X-rays, Electrons, Image resolution, Particles, X-ray detectors, Imaging spectroscopy, X-ray telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 15 June 2006 Paper

Paper

Advancements in DEPMOSFET device developments for XEUS

J. Treis, L. Bombelli, R. Eckart, C. Fiorini, P. Fischer, O. Hälker, S. Herrmann, P. Lechner, G. Lutz, I. Peric, M. Porro, R. Richter, G. Schaller, F. Schopper, H. Soltau, L. Strüder, S. Wölfel

Proceedings Volume 6276, 627610 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.672029

KEYWORDS: Field effect transistors, Sensors, Prototyping, Electronics, Temperature metrology, Amplifiers, Imaging spectroscopy, Transistors, Analog electronics, Electrons

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Proceedings Article | 15 June 2006 Paper

Paper

The focal plane of the Simbol-X space mission

B. P. F. Dirks, P. Ferrando, U. Briel, O. Gevin, E. Kendziorra, P. Laurent, O. Limousin, F. Lugiez, J. Martignac, M. Authier, C. Chapron, P. Lechner, G. Pareschi, Y. Rio, J.P. Roques, P. Salin, L. Strüder

Proceedings Volume 6276, 627617 (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.672801

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Crystals, Space operations, Electronics, Mirrors, Satellites, Silicon, X-rays, Cameras, Active sensors

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Proceedings Article | 15 June 2006 Paper

Paper

Test setup for DEPMOSFET matrices for XEUS

M. Martin, E. Kendziorra, T. Schanz, A. Santangelo, J. Wilms, J. Treis, S. Herrmann, L. Strüder, P. Lechner, P. Fischer, I. Peric, D. Barret

Proceedings Volume 6266, 62663P (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.672188

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Electrons, Field effect transistors, Data acquisition, Matrices, Semiconductors, Prototyping, Imaging systems, Photons, Active sensors

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Proceedings Article | 15 June 2006 Paper

Paper

Analysis of the charge collection process in pnCCDs

N. Kimmel, R. Hartmann, P. Holl, N. Meidinger, R. Richter, L. Strüder

Proceedings Volume 6276, 62760D (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.673460

KEYWORDS: X-rays, Absorption, Aluminum, Silicon, Device simulation, Electrons, Temperature metrology, Signal detection, Photon counting, Diffusion

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Proceedings Article | 13 June 2006 Paper

Paper

Fast timing with XEUS: evaluation of different detector concepts

Eckhard Kendziorra, Michael Martin, Andrea Santangelo, Jörn Wilms, Didier Barret, Gerry Skinner, Lothar Strüder, Peter Lechner, Johannes Treis

Proceedings Volume 6266, 62661Y (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.671951

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Field effect transistors, Mirrors, Monte Carlo methods, Photons, Point spread functions, Spectroscopy, Imaging systems, Detector arrays, Imaging spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 13 June 2006 Paper

Paper

eROSITA

P. Predehl, G. Hasinger, H. Böhringer, U. Briel, H. Brunner, E. Churazov, M. Freyberg, P. Friedrich, E. Kendziorra, D. Lutz, N. Meidinger, M. Pavlinsky, E. Pfeffermann, A. Santangelo, J. Schmitt, P. Schuecker, A. Schwope, M. Steinmetz, L. Strüder, R. Sunyaev, J. Wilms

Proceedings Volume 6266, 62660P (2006) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.670249

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, X-rays, Telescopes, Cameras, Galaxy groups and clusters, Space telescopes, X-ray telescopes, Charge-coupled devices, CCD cameras, Electronics

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Proceedings Article | 10 September 2005 Paper

Paper

SIMBOL-X: a formation flying mission for hard-x-ray astrophysics

P. Ferrando, A. Goldwurm, P. Laurent, O. Limousin, J. Martignac, F. Pinsard, Y. Rio, J. Roques, O. Citterio, G. Pareschi, G. Tagliaferri, F. Fiore, G. Malaguti, U. Briel, G. Hasinger, L. Strüder

Proceedings Volume 5900, 59000P (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.620556

KEYWORDS: Mirrors, Space operations, Sensors, Coating, Collimators, Spatial resolution, Space telescopes, Telescopes, Platinum, Astrophysics

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Proceedings Article | 8 September 2005 Paper

Paper

Results from a contamination experiment on the ISS

Peter Friedrich, Peter Predehl, Norbert Meidinger, Lothar Strüder, Monika Vongehr, Wolfgang Burkert, Michael Freyberg, Gisela Hartner, Heinrich Bräuninger, Günther Hasinger, Stefan Hofer, Timo Stuffler, Franz Hagl, Christian Hollerith

Proceedings Volume 5900, 59000N (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.616948

KEYWORDS: Gold, Silicon, Contamination, X-rays, Particles, Scanning electron microscopy, Aluminum, Mirrors, Chemical analysis, Reflectivity

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Proceedings Article | 31 August 2005 Paper

Paper

pn-CCDs in a low-background environment: detector background of the CAST x-ray telescope

M. Kuster, S. Cebrián, A. Rodríquez, R. Kotthaus, H. Bräuninger, J. Franz, P. Friedrich, R. Hartmann, D. Kang, G. Lutz, L. Strüder

Proceedings Volume 5898, 58980U (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.617013

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Photons, Lead, X-ray telescopes, Charge-coupled devices, X-rays, Copper, Sun, Environmental sensing, Magnetic sensors

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Proceedings Article | 25 August 2005 Paper

Paper

Results of a fast pnCCD detector system

R. Hartmann, H. Gorke, N. Meidinger, H. Soltau, L. Strueder

Proceedings Volume 5903, 59030N (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.620498

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, Data acquisition, Electrons, Silicon, Quantum efficiency, CCD image sensors, Field programmable gate arrays, Adaptive optics, Field effect transistors

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Proceedings Article | 18 August 2005 Paper

Paper

Noise and spectroscopic performance of DEPMOSFET matrix devices for XEUS

J. Treis, P. Fischer, O. Hälker, S. Herrmann, R. Kohrs, H. Krüger, P. Lechner, G. Lutz, I. Peric, M. Porro, R. Richter, L. Strüder, M. Trimpl, N. Wermes, S. Wölfel

Proceedings Volume 5898, 58980X (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.614894

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Spectroscopes, Field effect transistors, Transistors, Temperature metrology, Prototyping, Spectral resolution, Imaging spectroscopy, Signal processing, Electronics

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Proceedings Article | 18 August 2005 Paper

Paper

First measurements with DUO/ROSITA pnCCDs

N. Meidinger, R. Andritschke, K. Dennerl, O. Hälker, G. Hasinger, Robert Hartmann, G. Hartner, S. Herrmann, P. Holl, N. Kimmel, H. Soltau, L. Strüder

Proceedings Volume 5898, 58980W (2005) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.614827

KEYWORDS: Signal processing, Charge-coupled devices, X-rays, Sensors, X-ray detectors, Optical filters, Analog electronics, X-ray astronomy, Filtering (signal processing), X-ray telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 11 October 2004 Paper

Paper

Improving XMM-Newton EPIC pn data at low energies: method and application to the Vela SNR

Konrad Dennerl, Bernd Aschenbach, Ulrich Briel, Hermann Brunner, Vadim Burwitz, Jakob Englhauser, Michael Freyberg, Frank Haberl, Gisela Hartner, Anatoli Iyudin, Eckhard Kendziorra, Norbert Meidinger, Elmar Pfeffermann, Wolfgang Pietsch, Lothar Strueder, Vyacheslav Zavlin

Proceedings Volume 5488, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.551307

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Signal to noise ratio, Charge-coupled devices, Particles, Cameras, Quantum efficiency, Onboard cameras, Calibration, Imaging spectroscopy, X-ray detectors

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Proceedings Article | 11 October 2004 Paper

Paper

Fast timing instrument for XEUS: scientific expectations

Jorn Wilms, Eckhard Kendziorra, Michael Martin, Didier Barret, Michael Nowak, Lothar Strueder, Peter Lechner

Proceedings Volume 5488, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.550776

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Stars, X-rays, Monte Carlo methods, Silicon, X-ray astronomy, X-ray technology, Mirrors, Charge-coupled devices, X-ray detectors

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Proceedings Article | 11 October 2004 Paper

Paper

The Dark Universe Observatory (DUO): telescope concept

Peter Friedrich, Peter Predehl, Hans Bohringer, Robert Hartmann, Guenther Hasinger, Horst Hippmann, Guenther Kettenring, Walter Kink, Norbert Meidinger, Siegfried Mueller, Elmar Pfeffermann, Lothar Struder, Eckhard Kendziorra, Richard Griffiths, Robert Petre, Nicholas White, Steven Jordan, Wilhelm Egle

Proceedings Volume 5488, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.552526

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Mirrors, Charge-coupled devices, Telescopes, X-rays, Sensors, CCD cameras, Galaxy groups and clusters, Electronics, Digital signal processing

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Proceedings Article | 11 October 2004 Paper

Paper

DUO: the Dark Universe Observatory

Richard Griffiths, Robert Petre, Guenther Hasinger, Peter Predehl, Nicholas White, Bernd Aschenbach, Xavier Barcons, Hans Bohringer, Ulrich Briel, Lynn Cominsky, Michael Corcoran, Udo Dinger, Wilhelm Egle, Peter Friedrich, Zoltan Haiman, Robert Hartmann, J. Patrick Henry, Horst Hippmann, Jim Ingersoll, Keith Jahoda, Del Jenstrom, Steven Jordan, Eckhard Kendziorra, Günther Kettenring, Walter Kink, Norbert Meidinger, Takamitsu Miyaji, Joseph Mohr, Siegfried Mueller, Richard Mushotzky, Elmar Pfeffermann, Peter Schuecker, Axel Schwope, Mark Shannon, Lothar Strueder, Steven Varlese

Proceedings Volume 5488, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.552171

KEYWORDS: X-rays, Galaxy groups and clusters, Observatories, Microwave radiation, Solids, X-ray imaging, Calibration, Spatial resolution, Astrophysics, X-ray telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 29 September 2004 Paper

Paper

First results of DEPFET-based active-pixel-sensor prototypes for the XEUS wide-field imager

Johannes Treis, Peter Fischer, Olaf Halker, Matthias Harter, Sven Herrmann, Robert Kohrs, Hans Krueger, Peter Lechner, Gerhard Lutz, Ivan Peric, Matteo Porro, Rainer Richter, Lothar Strueder, Marcel Trimpl, Norbert Wermes

Proceedings Volume 5501, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.551536

KEYWORDS: Field effect transistors, Sensors, Prototyping, Transistors, Signal processing, Analog electronics, Electrons, Cadmium sulfide, Field programmable gate arrays, Imaging systems

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Proceedings Article | 29 September 2004 Paper

Paper

Shielding of cosmic-ray-induced background in CCD detectors for X-ray astronomy

Elmar Pfeffermann, Peter Friedrich, Michael Freyberg, Guenther Kettenring, Ludwig Kraemer, Norbert Meidinger, Peter Predehl, Lothar Strueder

Proceedings Volume 5501, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.551262

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, Sensors, X-rays, Silicon, CCD image sensors, Silicon carbide, Aluminum, Boron, X-ray astronomy, Aluminum nitride

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Proceedings Article | 29 September 2004 Paper

Paper

XTRA: the fast x-ray timing detector on XEUS

Didier Barret, Jean-Louis Medale, Martin Rohde, Gerry Skinner, Lothar Strueder

Proceedings Volume 5501, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.550010

KEYWORDS: Sensors, X-rays, Silicon, X-ray detectors, Stars, Mirrors, Photons, Spectroscopy, Electronics, Radiation effects

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The Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) has demonstrated the power of observations in the time domain in the study of X-ray binaries. The dynamical variation of the X-ray emission from accreting neutron stars and stellar mass black holes is a powerful probe of their strong gravitational fields. At the same time, oscillations at the neutron star spin frequency during X-ray bursts have been used to set important constraints on the mass and radius of neutron stars. The X-ray Evolving Universe Spectroscopy mission (XEUS), the potential follow-on mission to XMM-Newton, will have a mirror aperture more than ten times larger than the effective area of the RXTE proportional counter array (RXTE/PCA). Combined with a small dedicated fast X-ray timing detector in the focal plane (XTRA: XEUS Timing for Relativistic Astrophysics), this collecting area will provide a leap in timing sensitivity of more than one order of magnitude over the RXTE/PCA for bright sources, and will open a brand new window on faint X-ray sources, owing to the negligible detector background. Furthermore, the use of advanced Silicon drift chambers will improve the energy resolution by a factor of ~ 6 over the RXTE/PCA. The spectroscopic diagnostics of the strong field region, such as the gravitational redshift and the relativistic broadening of the Iron line, will become exploitable simultaneous with the fast timing. XTRA will provide unique opportunities, enabling for example the testing of general relativity in the strong gravity field regime and investigating with unprecedented accuracy the equation of state of matter at supranuclear density. XTRA when observing bright X-ray sources will record typically several hundred thousand counts per second and careful design will be necessary to ensure that the full potential of these data can be exploited. We describe the proposed implementation of XTRA in the XEUS focal plane using Silicon drift detectors and present the current performance of these devices.

Proceedings Article | 29 September 2004 Paper

Paper

CCD-detector development for the DUO and the ROSITA missions

Norbert Meidinger, Stefan Bonerz, Jakob Englhauser, Guenther Hasinger, Robert Hartmann, Sven Herrmann, Peter Holl, Guenther Kettenring, Nils Kimmel, Gerhard Lutz, Elmar Pfeffermann, Peter Predehl, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strueder

Proceedings Volume 5501, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.551505

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, X-rays, Sensors, Aluminum, Image storage, Electrons, Signal processing, Silicon, Optical filters, Prototyping

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Proceedings Article | 29 September 2004 Paper

Paper

The x-ray mirror telescope and the pn-CCD detector of CAST

Markus Kuster, Heinrich Braeuninger, Jakob Englhauser, Peter Friedrich, Robert Hartmann, Rainer Kotthaus, Gerhard Lutz, W. Serber, Lothar Strueder, Donghwa Kang, Juergen Franz, J. Moralez

Proceedings Volume 5500, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.551652

KEYWORDS: Sensors, X-ray telescopes, X-rays, Mirrors, Telescopes, Charge-coupled devices, X-ray detectors, Photons, Copper, CCD image sensors

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Proceedings Article | 3 February 2004 Paper

Paper

XEUS wide-field imager: first experimental results with the x-ray active pixel sensor DEPFET

Lothar Strueder, Guenther Hasinger, Peter Holl, Peter Lechner, Gerhard Lutz, M. Porro, Rainer Richter, Heike Soltau, Johannes Treis

Proceedings Volume 5165, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.507148

KEYWORDS: Field effect transistors, Sensors, Active sensors, X-rays, Imaging systems, X-ray imaging, Transistors, Charge-coupled devices, Photons, Space operations

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Proceedings Article | 3 February 2004 Paper

Paper

Frame store PN-CCD detector for space applications

Norbert Meidinger, Ladislav Andricek, Stefan Bonerz, Jakob Englhauser, Robert Hartmann, Guenther Hasinger, Sven Herrmann, Peter Holl, Rainer Richter, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strueder

Proceedings Volume 5165, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.507119

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, X-rays, X-ray detectors, Americium, Clocks, Electrons, CCD image sensors, Quantum efficiency, X-ray astronomy

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Proceedings Article | 3 February 2004 Paper

Paper

Fast timing on XEUS

Lothar Strueder, Didier Barret, Carlo Fiorini, Eckhard Kendziorra, Peter Lechner

Proceedings Volume 5165, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.507163

KEYWORDS: Sensors, X-rays, Radiation effects, Silicon, Spectroscopy, Stars, Mirrors, Quantum efficiency, Capacitance, Field effect transistors

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Proceedings Article | 29 January 2004 Paper

Paper

SIMBOL-X: a new-generation hard x-ray telescope

Philippe Ferrando, Monique Arnaud, Bertrand Cordier, Andrea Goldwurm, Olivier Limousin, Jaques Paul, Jean Sauvageot, Pierre-Olivier Petrucci, Martine Mouchet, Giovanni Bignami, Oberto Citterio, Sergio Campana, Giovanni Pareschi, Gianpiero Tagliaferri, Ulrich Briel, Guenther Hasinger, Lothar Strueder, Peter Lechner, Eckhard Kendziorra, Martin Turner

Proceedings Volume 5168, (2004) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.521998

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Mirrors, Field effect transistors, Spatial resolution, Electrons, Space telescopes, Space operations, Telescopes, Hard x-rays, X-ray telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 11 March 2003 Paper

Paper

High-time resolution spectroscopy with XMM-Newton and XEUS

Eckhard Kendziorra, Markus Kuster, Marcus Kirsch, Patrick Risse, Ruediger Staubert, Werner Becker, Lothar Strueder, Johannes Treis, Peter Lechner, Peter Holl

Proceedings Volume 4851, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.461561

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Sensors, Spectroscopy, Charge-coupled devices, Spatial resolution, Image resolution, Imaging spectroscopy, CCD cameras, X-rays, Imaging systems

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Proceedings Article | 11 March 2003 Paper

Paper

Frame store PN-CCD detector for the ROSITA mission

Norbert Meidinger, Stefan Bonerz, Heinrich Braeuninger, Rouven Eckhardt, Jakob Englhauser, Robert Hartmann, Gunther Hasinger, Peter Holl, Norbert Krause, Gerhard Lutz, Elmar Pfeffermann, Rainer Richter, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper

Proceedings Volume 4851, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.461156

KEYWORDS: X-rays, Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, Quantum efficiency, X-ray imaging, Space telescopes, Aluminum, X-ray detectors, X-ray telescopes, Image storage

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Proceedings Article | 11 March 2003 Paper

Paper

Active pixel sensors for imaging x-ray spectrometers

Peter Holl, Peter Fischer, Robert Hartmann, Gunther Hasinger, Johannes Kollmer, Norbert Krause, Peter Lechner, Gerhard Lutz, Norbert Meidinger, Ivan Peric, Rainer Richter, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strueder, Johannes Treis, Joachim Truemper, Norbert Wermes

Proceedings Volume 4851, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.461356

KEYWORDS: Field effect transistors, Sensors, X-rays, Photons, X-ray imaging, Imaging spectroscopy, Active sensors, Silicon, Prototyping, Charge-coupled devices

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Proceedings Article | 11 March 2003 Paper

Paper

Experimental verification of a micrometeoroid damage in the pn-CCD camera system aboard XMM-Newton

Norbert Meidinger, Bernd Aschenbach, Heinrich Braeuninger, Gerhard Drolshagen, Jakob Englhauser, Robert Hartmann, Gisela Hartner, Ralf Srama, Lothar Strueder, Martin Stuebig, Joachim Truemper

Proceedings Volume 4851, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.461154

KEYWORDS: Particles, Mirrors, Cameras, Sensors, Grazing incidence, Semiconducting wafers, Iron, X-rays, Silicon, X-ray telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 11 March 2003 Paper

Paper

Proposal to do fast x-ray timing with XEUS

Ruediger Staubert, Eckhard Kendziorra, Didier Barret, Gerald Skinner, Peter Lechner, L. Stroeder, Michiel van der Klis, Luigi Stella, M. Miller

Proceedings Volume 4851, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.461344

KEYWORDS: X-rays, Sensors, Stars, Silicon, Signal detection, States of matter, Spectroscopy, Mirrors, X-ray astronomy, X-ray sources

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Proceedings Article | 11 March 2003 Paper

Paper

Concept of the ROSITA x-ray camera

Elmar Pfeffermann, S. Bonerz, Heinrich Braeuninger, Ulrich Briel, Peter Friedrich, Robert Hartmann, Gisela Hartner, Gunther Hasinger, Horst Hippmann, Eckhard Kendziorra, Guenther Kettenring, Walter Kink, Norbert Meidinger, Siegfried Mueller, Peter Predehl, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper

Proceedings Volume 4851, (2003) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.461167

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, X-rays, Cameras, X-ray telescopes, Sensors, Space telescopes, Electronics, Telescopes, Mirrors, Silicon

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Proceedings Article | 25 January 2002 Paper

Paper

Imaging spectrometers for future x-ray missions

Lothar Strueder, Gunther Hasinger, Johannes Kollmer, Norbert Krause, Norbert Meidinger, Joachim Truemper, Robert Hartmann, Peter Holl, Peter Lechner, Heike Soltau, Peter Klein, Gerhard Lutz, Rainer Richter, Peter Fischer, Norbert Wermes, Werner Buttler

Proceedings Volume 4497, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.454230

KEYWORDS: Field effect transistors, Sensors, X-rays, Spectroscopy, Transistors, X-ray detectors, X-ray imaging, Signal processing, Imaging systems, Active sensors

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Proceedings Article | 25 January 2002 Paper

Paper

High-speed large-format x-ray CCDs for ESA's XEUS mission

Lothar Strueder, Heike Soltau, S. Bonerz, Heinrich Braeuninger, D. Carathanassis, Rouven Eckhardt, Robert Hartmann, Gunther Hasinger, Peter Holl, Norbert Krause, Gerhard Lutz, Norbert Meidinger, Rainer Richter, G. Schaller, M. Schnecke-Radau, Joachim Truemper

Proceedings Volume 4497, (2002) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.454232

KEYWORDS: X-rays, Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, Cameras, Aluminum, Silicon, Quantum efficiency, Spectroscopy, Imaging systems, Semiconducting wafers

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Proceedings Article | 13 December 2001 Paper

Paper

Novel integrating solid state detector with segmentation for scanning transmission soft x-ray microscopy

Michael Feser, Chris Jacobsen, Pavel Rehak, Gianluigi DiGeronimo, Peter Holl, Lothar Strueder

Proceedings Volume 4499, (2001) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.450229

KEYWORDS: Sensors, X-rays, X-ray detectors, Image segmentation, X-ray microscopy, Silicon, Photodetectors, Time correlated photon counting, Electronics, Solid state electronics

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Proceedings Article | 13 December 2000 Paper

Paper

Effect of low-energy protons on the performance of the EPIC pn-CCD detector on XMM-Newton

Eckhard Kendziorra, Tobias Clauss, Norbert Meidinger, Marcus Kirsch, Markus Kuster, Patrick Risse, Gisela Hartner, Ruediger Staubert, Lothar Strueder

Proceedings Volume 4140, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.409132

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, Sensors, Cameras, Aluminum, Particles, Electrons, Telescopes, CCD image sensors, X-rays, Mirrors

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Proceedings Article | 21 November 2000 Paper

Paper

Room-temperature x- and gamma-ray spectroscopy with silicon drift detectors

Lothar Strueder, Robert Hartmann, S. Kemmer, Norbert Krause, Diana Stoetter, Gerhard Lutz, P. Solc, Peter Holl, Peter Lechner, Paolo Leutenegger, Josef Kemmer, Heike Soltau, R. Stoetter, Ulrich Weber, Andrea Castoldi, Carlo Fiorini, Emilio Gatti, Chiara Guazzoni, Antonio Longoni, Marco Sampietro

Proceedings Volume 4141, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.407602

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Silicon, X-rays, Electrons, X-ray detectors, Spectroscopy, Semiconducting wafers, Signal detection, Transistors, Field effect transistors

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Proceedings Article | 16 August 2000 Paper

Paper

High-speed pn-CCDs as imaging detectors from 200 to 1200 nm

Lothar Strueder, Robert Hartmann, Peter Holl, Josef Kemmer, Norbert Krause, Peter Lechner, Gerhard Lutz, Norbert Meidinger, Rainer Richter, Heike Soltau, Joachim Truemper, Christoph von Zanthier

Proceedings Volume 4008, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.395494

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, Sensors, Silicon, Quantum efficiency, Electrons, Field effect transistors, Cameras, Semiconducting wafers, Internal quantum efficiency, Ultraviolet radiation

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Proceedings Article | 18 July 2000 Paper

Paper

Multichannel silicon drift detectors for x-ray spectroscopy

Peter Lechner, Werner Buttler, Carlo Fiorini, Robert Hartmann, Josef Kemmer, Norbert Krause, Paolo Leutenegger, Antonio Longoni, Heike Soltau, Diana Stoetter, R. Stoetter, Lothar Strueder, Ulrich Weber

Proceedings Volume 4012, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.391596

KEYWORDS: Sensors, X-rays, X-ray detectors, Silicon, Capacitance, Spectroscopy, Transistors, Spectroscopes, Electrons, Photons

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Proceedings Article | 18 July 2000 Paper

Paper

Gamma cameras with SDDs coupled to scintillators

Carlo Fiorini, Antonio Longoni, Francesco Perotti, Claudio Labanti, Josef Kemmer, Peter Lechner, Paolo Leutenegger, Lothar Strueder

Proceedings Volume 4012, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.391597

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Scintillators, Silicon, Scintillation, Imaging spectroscopy, Crystals, Prototyping, Cameras, Electronics, Quantum efficiency

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Proceedings Article | 18 July 2000 Paper

Paper

Silicon drift detectors as radiation monitors for x rays, gamma rays, and particles

Paolo Leutenegger, Josef Kemmer, Peter Lechner, Heike Soltau, Ulrich Weber, Lothar Strueder, Antonio Longoni, Carlo Fiorini

Proceedings Volume 4012, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.391595

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Silicon, X-ray detectors, X-rays, Electronics, Chemical elements, Field effect transistors, Quantum efficiency, Photons, Capacitance

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Proceedings Article | 18 July 2000 Paper

Paper

X-ray pn-CCDs on the XMM Newton Observatory

Lothar Strueder, Norbert Meidinger, Elmar Pfeffermann, Robert Hartmann, Heinrich Braeuninger, Claus Reppin, Ulrich Briel, Horst Hippmann, W. Kink, D. Hauff, Norbert Krause, Bernd Aschenbach, Gisela Hartner, Konrad Dennerl, Frank Haberl, Diana Stoetter, S. Kemmer, Joachim Truemper, Gerhard Lutz, Rainer Richter, P. Solc, Rouven Eckhardt, Eckhard Kendziorra, Markus Kuster, Christoph von Zanthier, Peter Holl, A. Viehl, S. Krisch, Josef Kemmer, Heike Soltau

Proceedings Volume 4012, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.391614

KEYWORDS: Particles, X-rays, Electrons, Cameras, Sensors, Silicon, Calibration, Charge-coupled devices, Amplifiers, Solar processes

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Proceedings Article | 18 July 2000 Paper

Paper

DEPMOS arrays for x-ray imaging

Gerhard Lutz, Rainer Richter, Lothar Strueder

Proceedings Volume 4012, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.391560

KEYWORDS: Field effect transistors, Transistors, Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, X-ray imaging, X-rays, Switching, Prototyping, Denoising, Device simulation

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Proceedings Article | 18 July 2000 Paper

Paper

First measurements on a DEPFET active pixel matrix for x-ray imaging spectroscopy

Peter Klein, P. Buchholz, Peter Fischer, N. Hoernel, Peter Holl, Josef Kemmer, M. Loecker, Gerhard Lutz, W. Neeser, Diana Stoetter, Lothar Strueder, M. Trimpl, J. Ulrici, J. Vocht, Norbert Wermes

Proceedings Volume 4012, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.391598

KEYWORDS: Field effect transistors, Sensors, Transistors, X-ray imaging, Imaging spectroscopy, Electrons, Manganese, X-rays, Image resolution, Quantum efficiency

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Proceedings Article | 18 July 2000 Paper

Paper

Fully depleted backside-illuminated spectroscopic active pixel sensors from the infrared to x rays (1 eV to 25 keV)

Lothar Strueder, Norbert Meidinger, Elmar Pfeffermann, Robert Hartmann, Heinrich Braeuninger, Norbert Krause, Gisela Hartner, Konrad Dennerl, Frank Haberl, S. Kemmer, Martin Popp, Joachim Truemper, Johannes Kollmer, T. Johannes, Gerhard Lutz, D. Hauff, Rainer Richter, Peter Klein, N. Hoernel, P. Solc, Rouven Eckhardt, Peter Fischer, W. Neeser, J. Ulrici, Norbert Wermes, Peter Holl, Peter Lechner, Josef Kemmer, Heike Soltau, R. Stoetter, Ulrich Weber, U. Weichert

Proceedings Volume 4012, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.391556

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Field effect transistors, Quantum efficiency, Active sensors, X-rays, Image resolution, Amplifiers, Charge-coupled devices, Transistors, Infrared sensors

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Proceedings Article | 18 July 2000 Paper

Paper

In-orbit performance of the EPIC-PN CCD camera on board XMM-Newton

Ulrich Briel, Bernd Aschenbach, M. Balasini, Heinrich Braeuninger, Wolfgang Burkert, Konrad Dennerl, M. Ehle, Frank Haberl, Robert Hartmann, Gisela Hartner, Peter Holl, Piero Massa, Norbert Meidinger, Josef Kemmer, Eckhard Kendziorra, Marcus Kirsch, Norbert Krause, Markus Kuster, David Lumb, Elmar Pfeffermann, Josef Pal, W. Pietsch, Martin Popp, A. Read, Claus Reppin, Heike Soltau, Ruediger Staubert, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Gabriele Villa, Christoph van Zanthier, V. Zavlin

Proceedings Volume 4012, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.391613

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, Cameras, Sensors, Calibration, X-rays, CCD cameras, Particles, Vignetting, Satellites, Telescopes

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Proceedings Article | 7 July 2000 Paper

Paper

High-speed frame store CCD for use in optical and near-infrared astronomy

Robert Hartmann, Peter Holl, Lothar Strueder, Christoph von Zanthier

Proceedings Volume 4007, (2000) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.390325

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, Sensors, Quantum efficiency, Silicon, Electrons, Adaptive optics, Field effect transistors, Near infrared, Astronomy, Wavefront sensors

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Proceedings Article | 22 October 1999 Paper

Paper

Measurement and modeling of the detector response of the pn-EPIC aboard XMM

Martin Popp, Frank Haberl, Ulrich Briel, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strueder

Proceedings Volume 3765, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.366551

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Data modeling, Calibration, Absorption, X-rays, Charge-coupled devices, Silicon, Synchrotrons, Electrons, Data analysis

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Proceedings Article | 22 October 1999 Paper

Paper

Quantum efficiency of the XMM pn-CCD camera

Robert Hartmann, Gisela Hartner, Ulrich Briel, Konrad Dennerl, Frank Haberl, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Edgar Bihler, Eckhard Kendziorra, Jean-Francois Hochedez, Erick Jourdain, Pierre Dhez, Philippe Salvetat, Jutta Auerhammer, Detlef Schmitz, Frank Scholze, Gerhard Ulm

Proceedings Volume 3765, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.366552

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Quantum efficiency, Photons, Charge-coupled devices, Sensors, Calibration, CCD cameras, Synchrotron radiation, Synchrotrons, CCD image sensors

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Proceedings Article | 22 October 1999 Paper

Paper

Overview of the calibration and the performance of the pn-CCD camera

Ulrich Briel, Edgar Bihler, Heinrich Braeuninger, Michael Colli, Konrad Dennerl, Frank Haberl, Robert Hartmann, Gisela Hartner, Peter Holl, Norbert Meidinger, Josef Kemmer, Eckhard Kendziorra, Marcus Kirsch, Norbert Krause, Markus Kuster, Josef Pal, Elmar Pfeffermann, Martin Popp, Claus Reppin, Th. Stadelbauer, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Christoph von Zanthier, V. Zavlin

Proceedings Volume 3765, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.366503

KEYWORDS: Calibration, Cameras, X-rays, Quantum efficiency, Sensors, Satellites, CCD cameras, Charge-coupled devices, Data modeling, Photons

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Proceedings Article | 22 October 1999 Paper

Paper

PN-CCD detector for XMM and ABRIXAS

Norbert Meidinger, Heinrich Braeuninger, Ulrich Briel, Robert Hartmann, Gisela Hartner, Peter Holl, Josef Kemmer, Eckhard Kendziorra, Norbert Krause, Gerhard Lutz, Elmar Pfeffermann, Martin Popp, Claus Reppin, Rainer Richter, Heike Soltau, Diana Stoetter, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Christoph von Zanthier

Proceedings Volume 3765, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.366501

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Charge-coupled devices, Silicon, X-rays, Semiconducting wafers, Electronics, Electrons, X-ray detectors, Field effect transistors, Cameras

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Proceedings Article | 22 October 1999 Paper

Paper

Physical model of the charge transfer loss of the pn-CCD camera

Norbert Krause, Ulrich Briel, Konrad Dennerl, Heike Soltau, Lothar Strueder, V. Zavlin

Proceedings Volume 3765, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.366504

KEYWORDS: Electrons, Signal attenuation, Cameras, X-rays, Charge-coupled devices, Data modeling, Signal detection, Sensors, Calibration, Titanium

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Proceedings Article | 22 October 1999 Paper

Paper

PN-CCD camera for XMM and ABRIXAS: design of the camera system

Elmar Pfeffermann, Heinrich Braeuninger, Edgar Bihler, Ulrich Briel, Horst Hippmann, Peter Holl, Josef Kemmer, Eckhard Kendziorra, Guenther Kettenring, Baerbel Kretschmar, Markus Kuster, Norbert Meidinger, Gerd Metzner, Bernhard Pflueger, Claus Reppin, Heike Soltau, Karl-Heinz Stephan, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Christoph von Zanthier

Proceedings Volume 3765, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.366499

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Cameras, Charge-coupled devices, X-rays, Semiconducting wafers, Calibration, Imaging systems, Satellites, Mirrors, Tin

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Proceedings Article | 19 October 1999 Paper

Paper

Novel x-ray silicon detector for 2D imaging and high-resolution spectroscopy

Andrea Castoldi, Emilio Gatti, Chiara Guazzoni, Antonio Longoni, Pavel Rehak, Lothar Strueder

Proceedings Volume 3768, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.366588

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Electrons, Electrodes, X-rays, X-ray detectors, Silicon, X-ray imaging, Imaging spectroscopy, Image sensors, Spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 29 September 1999 Paper

Paper

X-ray evolving universe spectroscopy mission (XEUS): requirements of the x-ray focal plane instruments

Piet de Korte, Marcos Bavdaz, Lionel Duband, Andrew Holland, Anthony Peacock, Lothar Strueder

Proceedings Volume 3766, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.363666

KEYWORDS: Sensors, X-rays, Iron, Image resolution, Field effect transistors, Spectrometers, Superconductors, Tantalum, Electronics, Mirrors

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Proceedings Article | 29 September 1999 Paper

Paper

Wide-field imaging spectrometer for ESA's future x-ray mission: XEUS

Lothar Strueder, Robert Hartmann, Peter Holl, Josef Kemmer, Peter Klein, Norbert Krause, Peter Lechner, Gerhard Lutz, Norbert Meidinger, Elmar Pfeffermann, Martin Popp, Rainer Richter, Heike Soltau, Joachim Truemper, Christoph von Zanthier

Proceedings Volume 3766, (1999) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.363630

KEYWORDS: Sensors, Field effect transistors, X-rays, Electrons, Charge-coupled devices, Quantum efficiency, X-ray imaging, Image resolution, Silicon, Spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 10 November 1998 Paper

Paper

Calibration and preliminary results on the performance of the XMM EPIC PN camera: timing modes

Eckhard Kendziorra, Edgar Bihler, Michael Colli, Marcus Kirsch, Markus Kuster, Bernhard Pflueger, Ruediger Staubert, Heinrich Braeuninger, Ulrich Briel, Konrad Dennerl, Frank Haberl, Gisela Hartner, Norbert Meidinger, Elmar Pfeffermann, Claus Reppin, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Peter Holl, Josef Kemmer, Heike Soltau, Christoph von Zanthier

Proceedings Volume 3445, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.330303

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Calibration, Charge-coupled devices, Sensors, Chlorine, Point spread functions, X-rays, Mirrors, Fermium, Frequency modulation

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Proceedings Article | 10 November 1998 Paper

Paper

Calibration and preliminary results on the performance of the XMM EPIC PN flight camera: imaging modes

Ulrich Briel, Heinrich Braeuninger, Konrad Dennerl, C. Greiveldinger, Frank Haberl, Gisela Hartner, Norbert Meidinger, Norbert Krause, Martin Popp, Elmar Pfeffermann, Claus Reppin, Th. Stadelbauer, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Edgar Bihler, Willy Grubmiller, Eckhard Kendziorra, Marcus Kirsch, Markus Kuster, Bernhard Pflueger, Peter Holl, Josef Kemmer, Heike Soltau, Christoph von Zanthier

Proceedings Volume 3445, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.330294

KEYWORDS: Calibration, Charge-coupled devices, Cameras, X-rays, Quantum efficiency, Sensors, Point spread functions, CCD cameras, Mirrors, Imaging spectroscopy

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Proceedings Article | 1 April 1998 Paper

Paper

6 x 6-cm fully depleted pn-junction CCD for high-resolution spectroscopy in the 0.1- to 15-keV photon energy range

Christoph von Zanthier, Peter Holl, Josef Kemmer, Peter Lechner, Bernhard Maier, Heike Soltau, R. Stoetter, Heinrich Braeuninger, Konrad Dennerl, Frank Haberl, Robert Hartmann, Gisela Hartner, Horst Hippmann, E. Kastelic, W. Kink, Norbert Krause, Norbert Meidinger, Gerd Metzner, Elmar Pfeffermann, Martin Popp, Claus Reppin, Diana Stoetter, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Ulrich Weber, D. Carathanassis, S. Engelhard, Th. Gebhart, D. Hauff, Gerhard Lutz, Rainer Richter, H. Seitz, P. Solc, Edgar Bihler, H. Boettcher, Eckhard Kendziorra, J. Kraemer, Bernhard Pflueger, Ruediger Staubert

Proceedings Volume 3301, (1998) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.304566

KEYWORDS: Semiconducting wafers, Charge-coupled devices, Field effect transistors, Sensors, Spectroscopy, X-rays, Silicon, Cameras, Multiplexing, Energy efficiency

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Proceedings Article | 15 October 1997 Paper

Paper

36-cm2 large monolythic pn-CCD detector for EPIC on XMM

Peter Holl, Heinrich Braeuninger, Ulrich Briel, Robert Hartmann, Gisela Hartner, D. Hauff, Josef Kemmer, Eckhard Kendziorra, Norbert Krause, Peter Lechner, Bernhard Maier, Norbert Meidinger, Elmar Pfeffermann, Bernhard Pflueger, Martin Popp, Claus Reppin, Rainer Richter, J. Riedel, Heike Soltau, Diana Stoetter, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Christoph von Zanthier

Proceedings Volume 3114, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.278910

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, Semiconducting wafers, X-rays, Sensors, Cameras, Satellites, X-ray imaging, Spectroscopy, CCD cameras, Silicon

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Proceedings Article | 15 October 1997 Paper

Paper

PN-CCD camera for XMM: performance of full frame and window operating modes

Elmar Pfeffermann, Heinrich Braeuninger, Ulrich Briel, Konrad Dennerl, Frank Haberl, Gisela Hartner, Norbert Meidinger, Claus Reppin, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Edgar Bihler, Eckhard Kendziorra, Baerbel Kretschmar, Bernhard Pflueger, Peter Holl, Josef Kemmer, Heike Soltau, Christoph von Zanthier

Proceedings Volume 3114, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.283764

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, Sensors, X-rays, Cameras, Mirrors, Semiconducting wafers, Calibration, Amplifiers, X-ray detectors, Electronics

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Proceedings Article | 15 October 1997 Paper

Paper

PN-CCD camera for XMM: performance of high time resolution/bright source operating modes

Eckhard Kendziorra, Edgar Bihler, Willy Grubmiller, Baerbel Kretschmar, Markus Kuster, Bernhard Pflueger, Ruediger Staubert, Heinrich Braeuninger, Ulrich Briel, Norbert Meidinger, Elmar Pfeffermann, Claus Reppin, Diana Stoetter, Lothar Strueder, Peter Holl, Josef Kemmer, Heike Soltau, Christoph von Zanthier

Proceedings Volume 3114, (1997) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.283765

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, Cameras, Sensors, Point spread functions, Mirrors, X-rays, Calibration, CCD cameras, Modulation, Multiplexing

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Proceedings Article | 31 October 1996 Paper

Paper

EPIC system onboard the ESA XMM

Gabriele Villa, Anthony Abbey, Monique Arnaud, M. Balasini, Giovanni Bignami, Michel Boer, Heinrich Braeuninger, I Butler, G. Cafagna, C. Cara, C. Chabaud, Lucio Chiappetti, Richard Cole, M. Conte, J. Dowson, Pierre Dhez, R. Duc, Guido Di Cocco, Philippe Ferrando, C. Goodall, H. Hippman, Andrew Holland, Eckhard Kendziorra, Alain Labeque, Norbert Meidinger, C. Moriggio, Nicola La Palombara, C. Musso, E. Poindron, Giovanni Peres, E. Pferrerman, Claude Pigot, John Pye, Claus Reppin, D. Schmitt, Salvatore Sciortino, Salvatore Serio, J. Spragg, John Stephen, Lothar Strueder, Massimo Trifoglio, P. Tua, Martin Turner, S. Whitehead

Proceedings Volume 2808, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.256015

KEYWORDS: Cameras, Charge-coupled devices, Molybdenum, CCD cameras, Electronics, Control systems, Optical filters, Aluminum, X-rays, Mirrors

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The European photon imaging camera (EPIC) is one of the two main instruments onboard the ESA X-Ray Cornerstone Mission XMM. It is devoted to performing imaging and spectroscopy of the x-ray sky in the domain 0.1 10 keV with a peak sensitivity in 10⁵ seconds of 2 multiplied by 10^-15 erg/cm^-2. The x-ray instrumentation is complemented by a radiation monitor which will measure the particle background. The spectral resolution is approximately 140 eV at 6.4 keV and 60 eV at 1 keV. The instrumentation consists of three separate focal plane cameras at the focus of the three XMM telescopes, containing CCDs passively cooled to typically minus 100 degrees via radiators pointing toward the anti-Sun direction. The two cameras with the field of view partially occulted by the RGS grating boxes will have MOS technology CCDs while the third camera, with full field of view, will be based on p-n technology. The CCDs in the focal plane of the cameras will cover the entire 30 foot by 30 foot field of view of the telescope while the pixel size (40 by 40 (mu) for the MOS camera and 150 multiplied by 150 (mu) for the p-n) will be adequate to sample the approximately 20' PSF of the mirrors. In order to cope with a wide range of sky background and source luminosity in the visible/UV band, a filter wheel with six positions has been implemented in each camera. The six positions correspond to: open position, closed position, one thin filter (1600 angstrom of plastic support and 400 angstrom of Al), one medium filter (1600 angstrom of plastic support and 800 angstrom of Al) and one thick filter (approximately 3000 angstrom of plastic support, approximately 1000 angstrom of Al and 300 Angstrom of Sn). The final position will be a redundant filter of type still to be decided. A set of radioactive sources in each camera will allow the calibration of the CCDs in any of the operating modes and with any filter wheel position. Vacuum doors and valves operated will allow the operation of other camera heads on the ground, in a vacuum chamber and/or in a controlled atmosphere, and will protect the CCDs from contamination until the spacecraft is safely in orbit. The MOS camera will have 7 CCDs, each of 600 by 600 pixels arranged in a hexagonal pattern with one central and six peripheral. The p-n camera head will have 12 CCDs, each with 200 multiplied by 64 pixels, in a rectangular arrangement, 4 quadrants of 3 CCDs each. The radiation monitor is based on two separate detectors to monitor the low (electrons greater than 30 keV) and the high (electrons greater than 200 keV and protons greater than 10 MeV) energy particles impinging on the telescope along its orbit.

Proceedings Article | 31 October 1996 Paper

Paper

PN-CCD detector for the European photon imaging camera on XMM

Norbert Meidinger, Heinrich Braeuninger, Robert Hartmann, Gisela Hartner, Norbert Krause, Gerd Metzner, Elmar Pfeffermann, Martin Popp, Claus Reppin, J. Riedel, Diana Stoetter, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Ulrich Weber, D. Hauff, Peter Holl, Josef Kemmer, S. Krisch, Heike Soltau, Christoph van Zanthier, Edgar Bihler, H. Boettcher, Eckhard Kendziorra, J. Kraemer, Bernhard Pflueger, Ruediger Staubert

Proceedings Volume 2808, (1996) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.256022

KEYWORDS: Sensors, X-rays, Signal attenuation, X-ray detectors, Silicon, Quantum efficiency, Cameras, Charge-coupled devices, CCD cameras, Semiconducting wafers

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The pn-charge coupled device (pn-CCD) detector system was developed as the focal plane instrument of an x-ray telescope for the European photon imaging camera (EPIC) on the x-ray multi mirror (XMM) mission. The second cornerstone mission of the European Space Agency's Horizon 2000 plan performs high throughput imaging and spectroscopy of the x- ray sky in the domain of 0.1 keV - 15 keV. The pn-charge coupled device will also be used for a German x-ray astronomy satellite mission, called ABRIXAS (a broad-band imaging x-ray all-sky survey). While XMM will perform pointed observations. ABRIXAS will carry out an all sky survey with imaging telescopes. Both projects are planned to be launched in 1999. The homogeneous coherent sensitive area of the detector consists of a 6 cm by 6 cm large array of 12 pn-CCDs which are monolithically integrated on a single silicon wafer together with the first stage of amplification. The pn-CCD detector has been optimized for high-resolution x-ray spectroscopy and its performance is close to the theoretical limits given by the Fano noise. High quantum efficiency essential for the investigation of faint objects is accomplished over the whole energy range by a thin photon entrance window and a full sensitive detector thickness. A fast readout achieves excellent time resolution for the observation of pulsed x-ray sources and avoids pile- up for bright objects. The relevant performance parameters reflecting the state of the detector development are presented. The radiation hardness of the pn-CCD was verified for the ten year satellite mission. No significant increases in the thermally generated current, charge transfer losses and transfer noise occurred in the temperature range planned for detector operation. A correction of the signal charge losses, which occur already before irradiation in all types of charge coupled devices during the charge transfer to the anodes, is necessary to achieve the highest energy resolution of the detector. Methods to reduce the signal charge losses which were successfully tested, are described.

Proceedings Article | 1 October 1991 Paper

Paper

Progress with PN-CCDs for the XMM satellite mission

Heinrich Braeuninger, D. Hauff, Peter Lechner, Gerhard Lutz, W. Kink, Norbert Meidinger, Gerd Metzner, Peter Predehl, Claus Reppin, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Eckhard Kendziorra, Ruediger Staubert, Veljko Radeka, Pavel Rehak, S. Rescia, Giuseppe Bertuccio, Elena Gatti, Antonio Longoni, Marco Sampietro, Nicola Findeis, Peter Holl, Josef Kemmer, Christoph von Zanthier

Proceedings Volume 1549, (1991) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.48351

KEYWORDS: Electrons, Charge-coupled devices, X-rays, X-ray astronomy, Sensors, Silicon, Semiconducting wafers, Diffusion, Image resolution, Extreme ultraviolet

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Proceedings Article | 1 November 1990 Paper

Paper

European Photon Imaging Camera for x-ray astronomy

Giovanni Bignami, Gabriele Villa, Giuliano Boella, Giuseppe Bonelli, Patricia Caraveo, Lucio Chiappetti, E. Quadrini, Guido Di Cocco, Massimo Trifoglio, Pietro Ubertini, Giovanni Peres, Salvatore Sciortino, Salvatore Serio, G. Vaiana, R. Rothenflug, Laurent Vigroux, L. Koch, Yvon Rio, Claude Pigot, Jacky Cretolle, Alan Gabriel, B. Foing, Jean-Luc Atteia, Jean-Pierre Roques, Heinrich Braeuninger, W. Pietsch, Peter Predehl, Claus Reppin, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Gerhard Lutz, Eckhard Kendziorra, Ruediger Staubert, Andrew Holland, Richard Cole, Alan Wells, K. Pounds, David Lumb, John Pye, Martin Turner, C. Goodall, T. Ponman, Gerald Skinner, A. Willmore

Proceedings Volume 1344, (1990) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.23247

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, X-ray astronomy, Telescopes, X-rays, Cameras, Space telescopes, Imaging spectroscopy, Spatial resolution, Spectral resolution, Astronomy

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Proceedings Article | 1 November 1990 Paper

Paper

PN-CDDs for the XMM satellite mission

Heinrich Braeuninger, Gerhard Lutz, Norbert Meidinger, Peter Predehl, Claus Reppin, Wolfgang Schreiber, Lothar Strueder, Joachim Truemper, Eckhard Kendziorra, Ruediger Staubert, Veljko Radeka, Pavel Rehak, S. Rescia, Elena Gatti, Antonio Longoni, Marco Sampietro, Peter Holl, Josef Kemmer, U. Prechtel, Helmut Riedel, T. Ziemann

Proceedings Volume 1344, (1990) https://doi.org/10.1117/12.23267

KEYWORDS: Charge-coupled devices, Field effect transistors, X-rays, Silicon, Extreme ultraviolet, Gamma radiation, Transistors, Spatial resolution, X-ray astronomy, Electronics

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Showing 5 of 115 publications

Proceedings Volume Editor (1)

SPIE Conference Volume | 29 September 2004

High-Energy Detectors in Astronomy

Conference Committee Involvement (8)

High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy VI

22 June 2014 | Montréal, Quebec, Canada

High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy V

1 July 2012 | Amsterdam, Netherlands

High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy IV

27 June 2010 | San Diego, California, United States

High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy

23 June 2008 | Marseille, France

High Energy, Optical, and Infrared Detectors for Astronomy II

24 May 2006 | Orlando, Florida , United States

Showing 5 of 8 Conference Committees

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